Johann Jakob Wilhelm Heinse
Johann Jakob Wilhelm Heinse, actually Heintze (* February 15, 1746 in Long Meadows, Thuringia, † June 22, 1803 in Aschaffenburg ) was a German writer, scholar and librarian.
Life
Johann Jakob Wilhelm Heinse was the son of the town clerk in Long Meadows, Johann Nikolaus Heintze and his wife Barbara Katharina Jahn. Very spacious, the Heinse ( Heintzes ) were related to the Thuringian family of artists Heinsius.
After his schooling in Long Meadows Heinse moved to the high school in Arnstadt; later to that of Schleusingen. In 1766 he enrolled at the University of Jena for the Law Faculty. But from the beginning he neglected these studies in favor of his literary interests. Two years later he followed his teacher Friedrich Justus Riedel at the University of Erfurt. Riedel supported Heinse during the study, but also benefited from his help in writing of his pamphlets.
By Riedel Heinse made the acquaintance of Christoph Martin Wieland. Through the intercession of Wieland took him Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim on in his Halberstadt poet circle. After finishing his studies he accompanied in late summer 1771, two former officers on their journey through southern Germany. One of the two was the pamphleteer Count Hermann Woldemar Schmettau. In the summer of 1773 Heisenberg returned to Halberstadt back to Gleim.
Through the agency of Heinse got from September of the same year employment with the family von Massow as Steward. He held until the end of 1773 this office. Of the brothers Jacobi, the poet Johann Georg Jacobi and the philosopher Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi, Heinse was hired in April 1774 to the editor of her ladies magazine iris. As an employee, he also met Minister Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, whom he greatly admired. Even with Friedrich Maximilian Klinger, he was a friend and valued his play Sturm und Drang.
1776/1777 published in the German Mercury Heinse his letters over some paintings of the Düsseldorf gallery, reaching his literary breakthrough. With these letters to Heinse by Johann Joachim Winckelmann and whose views turned about art.
As of July 1780, he undertook a journey to Italy. Significantly involved in the financing of the Jacobi brothers and dad were Gleim again. Heinse denied the journey that took him through Switzerland to the south of France, mostly on foot. In Baden-Württemberg Emmendingen he visited Goethe's brother in law, the bailiff Johann Georg Schlosser. Later he came over Avignon and Nice, mostly along the coast to the Gulf of Naples. Only in Venice, Florence and Rome Heinse stayed on a long time.
In Rome he met Friedrich Müller, painter called Müller know who made him familiar with the art and history of the city. Heinse processed his impressions in his novel Ardinghello, which he published in 1786. With this work, he opened, 30 years before the publication of Goethe's Italian Journey, German readers a fresh look at Italy: Roman times was equated with the Renaissance as an equal.
In September 1783 Heinse returned to Germany. Based on an idea painters miller should there under his direction a cultural magazine arise at the Joseph Anton Siegmund von Beroldingen, a canon of Speyer, should be involved. As the project could not be developed for cost reasons, Heinse went to Dusseldorf. There he got a job as a narrator in 1786 the Archbishop of Mainz, Elector Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal. Later he became the archbishop's librarian.
The Elector gave Heinse the title of Privy Councillor and promoted him to Professor. Also Erthals successor, Imperial Baron Karl Theodor von Dalberg, had his private library of Heinse manage. The many years of close cooperation with these princes of the church led to the false claim that Heinse had converted. As a librarian Heinse was a few years the colleague of Georg Forster. This is Heinse did not understand, because Forster was an ardent supporter of the French Revolution, while he himself rejected this vehemently. In his Mainzer years Heinse cultivated the friendship with the physician Samuel Thomas Soemmerring and also met with Goethe during some trips to the Lower Rhine.
1792 Mainz was occupied by the French army. At the siege of Mainz in the following year, the electoral court fled to Aschaffenburg. Under Heinse line including the private library of the Archbishop was taken there in safety. By the end of his life Heinse then worked as a librarian at the Royal Library Aschaffenburg.
In the summer of 1796 Heinse spent some time in Kassel and Bad Driburg, together with Friedrich Hölderlin and Susette Gontard.
At the age of 57 years Johann Jakob Wilhelm Heinse died on 22 June 1803 in Aschaffenburg. His grave is there in the Old City Cemetery. With a bust he is honored as a German poet in Valhalla ( in Donaustauf in the district of Regensburg ).
Work
With his novel Laidion Heinse stepped out of the shadows literary Gleim. His eloquent top form he reached then almost 15 years later with his epistolary novel Ardinghello (1787 ). This best-known as Heinse work directly influenced the romance, though the former reception turned out apparently low.
Used in his two-volume epistolary novel Anastasia and the game of chess (1803 ) Heinse the analysis of the Italian chess master Giambattista Lolli. According to his own statements he was very fond of this plant, because it enabled him to present his views on the game of chess as a good chess player. Even today has Heinse novel Hildegard von Hohenthal the history of music importance, because it contains a history of Italian opera. Of Chess and Music for Heinse was also an admirer of François -André Philidor Danican.
Writings
- Events of Enkolp. First German translation of the Satyricon. In 1773. (Online)
- Aphorisms. (1774-1803)
- Ardinghello and the Happy Isles. 1787th Vol 1, Vol 2, each digitized and full text archive in the German text; Vol 1 Vol 2 ( new edition: Manesseplatz, Zurich 2000, ISBN 3-7175-1958-1 )
- Hildegard von Hohen- Thal. 1795th ( re: Olms, Hildesheim 2002, ISBN 3-487-11606-5 )
- Laidion or the Eleusinian mysteries. 1774th digitized
- About some paintings of the Düsseldorf gallery., 1776.
- Fiormona or letters from Italy. In 1794. Digitalisat
- Anastasia and the game of chess. 1803rd ( re: Jens -Erik Rudolph Verlag, Hamburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-941670-13-6 )