Kalachuri dynasty

As Kalachuri be designated several Indian dynasties, especially in the Middle Ages. In addition to the dynasty name and perhaps the belief in a common origin, they have nothing in common.

The early Kalachuri

The Kalachuris were an ancient ruling dynasty in Mahishmati (now no longer localizable city, probably Maheshwar south of Ujjain ). Before the Kalachuris the Vakatakas dominated the region. They both belong to the followers of Shaivism. Exactly how and when the transition took place from the Vakatakas to Kalachuris remains unclear. However, there is the appearance that the grandchildren of the last and most powerful ruler of the Vakatakas, King Harisena been rescued during the political unrest of the wandering Gupta - Prince Visruta or Subandhu, who then took over the kingdom and Harisenas granddaughter married.

Krishnaraja (reigned about 550-575 ), the son or perhaps grandson Subandhus and first major Kalachuri rulers, therefore, would also be a descendant of Harisena. His son Sankaragana reigned from about 575-600, so the possibility exists for both him and for his father to have been the ruler of the island of Elephanta and founder of situated thereon famous cave temple. Both Krishnaraja and his son are referred to as " Parameshvara ", ie servant of Shiva. Krishnarajana is also referred to as a direct supporter of Pashupata sect that worships Shiva as the special Lakulisha. There is also in the Elephanta cave two such Lukulisha representation. This reinforces the alleged membership of Elephanta cave to Kalachuri Dynasty. Sankaragana expanded the dynasty of his father to West Malwa, which originally belonged to the Guptas. His empire included both Ujjain, Vidisa and Anandapura.

His son Buddharaja (reigned about 600-620 ) was the last of his dynasty. Just after the year 600 he was first attacked by the Chalukya ruler Mangalesha, which it initially allowed to reign him in a subordinate position further. Later Chalukya Pulakeshin II ( 609-642 ) took over then finally the autocracy. It was called the RELATED the Kalachuris from then on " Kalachuri - Haihanyas ".

The Late Kalachuri

Kalachuri in Tripuri, eastern Madhya Pradesh

The late Kalachuri existed from 675-1210, their capital was Tripuri at Jabalpur ( in Madhya Pradesh, today Tewar ). Alternative designations in the literature are Kalachuri - Haihayas, Kalachuris of Chedi or Kalachuris of Kosala. This branch claimed a Rajput origin, and perhaps descended from the aristocracy really still the Gupta period from.

They won under Kokkala at the end of the 9th century considerable influence, as Krishna II Rashtrakuta and Pratihara Bhoja warred, and then counted among the vassals of Indra III. Rashtrakuta.

Under Lakshmana (reigned about 950-975 ), they fell under the pressure of the emerging Chandella (House of Meier Pratihara ), and Yuvaraja II had to submit to, but got through the excesses of the Chandella Ganda (reigned 1002-1025 ), de facto the government into their own hands.

Your most powerful kings were Gangeyadeva (reigned ca 1015-40 ) and Karna (reigned about 1041-1072 ), which after the defeat of the Chandella against the Muslim conquerors, Mahmud of Ghazni (r. 997-1030 ) at the expense Pala and Paramara spread. Karna was a conqueror, who also tried to take over the legacy of the Pratihara and failed. It was after the destruction of Bhoja 's Dhara ( a Paramara, reg. 1021-65 ) its neighbors too overpowering, so that the Chalukya under Someshvara allied with the Chandella, Paramara and Pala and overthrew him.

Karna's successor Yasahkarna (approx. 1070 to 1125 ) had little success, and after his death the empire split into Dahala - Tripuri and Ratnapur.

Kings

  • Kokalla Deva I. about 875
  • Mugdhatunga ( Prasiddhadhavala ) 900
  • Balaharsha
  • Keyuravarsha ( Yuvaraja Deva ) about 925
  • Lakshmana Raja approximately 950-975
  • Sankaragana Deva 970
  • Yuvaraja Deva II about 975
  • Kokalla Deva II 1000
  • Gangeya Deva Vikramaditya approximately 1015-1040
  • Karna Deva approximately 1041-1072
  • Yasahkarna Deva approximately 1070-1125
  • Gayakarna Deva approximately 1125-1152
  • Narasimha Deva about 1152/55
  • Jayasimha about 1177
  • Vijayasimha about 1180/95

Kalachuri in Ratanpur

This Kalachuri resided 980-1745 in Ratanpur ( in Bilaspur district in Chhattisgarh ) and were replaced by the Marathas ( Bhonsle clan ). They were a branch line of the kings of Tripuri, leaving only a few monuments, a Shiva temple in Pali and another in Tuman ( Tumbhan ). Her third king Ratnadeva founded in the 11th century Ratanpur, and in the last quarter of the 14th century founded another king called Ram Chandra ( or his son Brahma Deo ) Raipur.

Kalachuri in Sarayupara

This branch existed between the mid 8th and the late 11th century in Sarayupara along the Ghaghara ( Uttar Pradesh ).

The Southern Kalachuri in Karnataka

This Kalachuri reigned 1130-1184 in Karnataka and were actually vassals of the Chalukya. They were Jains and their coins bore inscriptions in Kannada language. Her most famous representative was Bijjala Kalachuri (reigned 1130-1167 ), who usurped the throne in Kalyani Chalukya. His minister Basava ( 1160 ) was the founder of the influential Lingayat or Vira- Shaiva sect.

Vakataka dynasty Elephanta Island Pashupata Shaivism Gupta Empire Chalukya dynasty Rashtrakuta dynasty Gurjara-Pratihara Chandela
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