Kampinos National Park

The National Park Kampinoska (Polish Kampinoski Park Narodowy ) is a Polish national park in the Masovian Voivodeship, 30 km north- west of Warsaw.

Generally

The National Park is located in the middle of Kampinoska Heide ( Puszcza Kampinoska ) in the field of the Warsaw-Berlin glacial valley. Since the 1920s, there were plans here establishing a national park. 1959, the project was implemented on an area of 407 km ². The National Park was then reduced in size and currently has an area of ​​385.44 km ². In January 2000, the National Park Kampinoska was entered in the list of UNESCO biosphere reserves. The resulting here about 12,500 years ago dune landscape is today an area of ​​nearly 200 square kilometers that is unique in Europe Nature Ensemble Represents the glacial valley is characterized mostly by covered with pine forests, wetlands. In the valleys between the dunes stretch with alder from vegetated swamps, fens and meadows. The National Park is also the largest water node Poland. Close to the Vistula, Bug, Narew, Wkra and Bzury flow together. Lakes are in the National Park are not.

Flora

The rich biodiversity of the flora of the National Park can be illustrated by the high number of 1245 different vascular plants. Excellence has rarity of the National Park is the occurrence of the black birch. Typical of the national park landscape is the contrast of dunes and marshes. This is additionally emphasized by the different plant communities. On the dunes, pine and oak-hornbeam forests, various types of meadows, bushes and alder forests dominate in the Everglades.

Fauna

The national park is with its backwaters, sandy creeks, islands, meadows and bushes an extremely important habitat for many fauna is total, more than 3,000 species have been recorded in the park, of which 2030 species of insects. 153 Of the 215 documented species of birds breed in the park. In the National Park Kampinoska you also experimented successfully for decades with the introduction into the wild and reintroduction of various animals. Thus it was possible, for example, 1951 Moose, 1980 again successfully to locate the beaver and the lynx 1992. The elk population in the national park can now be regarded as stable. Several moose wandered in recent years even more than in other forest complexes.

Others

In the area of the national park is also some important events in Polish history have played. In the wake of the January Uprising of 1863, here are some of the insurgents fighting against the troops of tsarist power division took place. The Puszcza Kampinoska was also the scene of battles and mass executions during the period of the German occupation of 1939-1945. As a memorial to the crimes of the Nazis is the cemetery in Palmiry on which over 2000 Poland were buried who were killed here in the years 1939-1943 by the German occupiers in secret. In Żelazowa Wola, on the edge of the National Park, is the birthplace of the composer and piano virtuoso Frédéric Chopin, which can be visited as a museum.