Karl Ludwig Schmidt

Karl Ludwig Schmidt ( born February 5, 1891 in Frankfurt am Main, † 10 January 1956 in Basel ) was a German Protestant theologian and professor of New Testament.

Life

Schmidt, son of a craftsman, studied from 1909 initially Classical Philology and Protestant theology at the universities of Marburg and Berlin. In 1913 he received his doctorate ( with Adolf Deissmann ) for Lic Theol. In the first world war he was severely wounded as a soldier. In 1918 he completed his habilitation in Berlin as lecturer in New Testament ( the study of " The framework of the story of Jesus ," which made ​​him equally famous). 1921 Schmidt was appointed as professor of New Testament at the University of Giessen. In 1922 he took over the editorship of the monthly magazine of Eisenach cartel, which he held ( renamed " Theological leaves " ) until 1937. Here he also published statements on general theological and political issues. First member of the German Democratic Party, he moved under the influence of Paul Tillich to religious socialism and joined the SPD in 1924. Appointed in 1925 as Professor of New Testament to Jena, he moved in 1929 to the University of Bonn, where he was resident in Heinrich -Brüning -Straße 18. There he stood as a candidate, under the impression of "seizure of power " Hitler in March 1933 for the SPD and was elected to the City Council in Bonn.

Released in September 1933 on the basis of the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, Schmidt emigrated to Switzerland and was after replacement services in Seebach near Zurich and light climbing in the Toggenburg 1935 Professor of New Testament theology at the University of Basel. In addition to research, teaching and lecturing, he took over here in 1945 the publication of the newly founded theological journal. 1952 paralyzed by a stroke in part, he was given emeritus status in 1953.

Importance

As a professional scientist is Schmidt's greatest merit the creation of form -historical method within the New Testament exegesis, which replaced the previously dominant literary criticism. At about the same with Martin Dibelius (1883-1947) he developed in his habilitation thesis that the Synoptic Gospels of small " Einzelperikopen " existed which were only composed of the evangelists. The exploration of form, genre and " Sitz im Leben " of these text units now became the focus of Jesus research. However, Schmidt also recognized already that the evangelist Matthew grouped the texts of his models for theological reflection, and thus became the forerunner of the editorial history.

In addition, Schmidt examined the self- understanding of the early church and was on the one hand traced the early Christian church consciousness on Jesus, on the other hand, emphasize the unity of the church with the Old Testament people of God. On 14 January 1933, he led the Jewish philosopher Martin Buber, the Jewish House of Study in Stuttgart a public conversation that marked the true beginning of the resumed only after 1945 Christian-Jewish dialogue, although Schmidt still in the traditional manner of a repeal of the former emanated by the new covenant.

Writings (selection )

  • The Pentecostal narrative and Pentecost. Leipzig: JC Hinrichs, 1919
  • The frame of the story of Jesus: literary-critical studies on the oldest Jesus tradition. Berlin: Trowitzsch & Son, 1919; 2, unchanged reprint of reprographic / Darmstadt University Press, 1969
  • The position of the Gospels in the general literature. In: Eucharistērion. Festschrift for Hermann Gunkel. Göttingen: Cambridge University Press 1923, pp. 51-134 ( English: The place of the Gospels in the general history of literature Transl by Byron R. McCane Columbia, SC:. .. Univ of South Carolina Press, 2002. )
  • The position of the Apostle Paul in early Christianity. Giessen: A. Töpelmann 1924 ( lectures of theological conference to Giessen 39).
  • The church of early Christianity: a lexicographical and biblical- theological study. Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck ), 1932
  • Church, state, nation, Judaism. Dialogue [ with Martin Buber ] in the Jewish house of study in Stuttgart on January 14, 1933 In: . Theological sheets 12, 1933, pp. 257-274.
  • Jesus Christ in the witness of Scripture and the Church. A series of lectures. Munich: Kaiser 1936 ( Supplement to Evangelical Theology 2).
  • Le problème du christianisme primitif. Quatre conférences sur la forme et la pensée du Nouveau Testament. Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, 1938
  • Ekklesia. In: Theological Dictionary of the NT, Vol III, 1938, pp. 502-539 ( English: The church London: Adam and Charles Black, 1950; 2nd Edition 1957; French:. Eglise; trad Hélène de Genève Alexandre: . Labor et fides, 1967)
  • The Polis in Church and World: a lexicographical and exegetical study. Rector's Programme of the University of Basel for the year 1939 Basel. F. Reinhardt, 1939
  • A walk through the book of Galatians: Life, teaching, leadership in Scripture. Zollikon - Zurich: Evangelical Publishing House, 1942
  • The Jewish question in the light of Chapter 9-11 of Romans. Zollikon - Zurich: Evangelical Publishing House, 1943 ( Theological Studies 13).
  • Canonical and Apocryphal Gospels and Acts of the Apostles. Basel: H. Majer, 1944
  • From the book of Revelation the last book of the Bible. Basel: Heinrich Majer, cop. 1944
  • The Pneuma Hagion as a person and as charisma. Zurich: Rhein- Verl, 1946
  • The nature and role of the Church in the world; Negotiations of the Swiss Reformed pastor association of 23 - 25th September 1946 in Roman Horn ( 85th Session ). Zurich: Zwingli -Verlag, 1947
  • The nature and spirit forces in the Pauline recognizing and faith. Zurich: Rhein- Verl, 1947
  • Basileia. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1957
  • New Testament, Judaism, Church. Kleine Schriften, ed. on his 90th birthday on February 5, 1981 by Gerhard Sauter. Munich 1981 ( Theological Library 69).
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