Keteleeria evelyniana
Keteleeria evelyniana
Keteleeria evelyniana is a coniferous tree from the pine family ( Pinaceae ). Its distribution area is located in China, Laos and Vietnam and has a large expansion in North-South direction. Therefore, the environmental conditions vary greatly from moderate to almost tropical climate. Keteleeria evelyniana is one of the few types of (Pinaceae ), which occurs under tropical - like conditions.
- 5.1 Literature
- 5.2 Notes and references
Description
Keteleeria evelyniana is a tree that can reach a height of 30 to 40 meters and a diameter at breast height of 1.0 to 1.5 meters. The trunk is straight, the Stammborke older trees dark gray-brown, rough and scaly. The first and second order branches are long and curved, branches near the top are increasing. The crown is broadly conical and irregular in older trees. The branches are thin, solid, reddish brown or yellowish brown and gray-brown later. Young branches can be slightly hairy. Leaf scars are small and round. The non- resinous buds are ovoid, circular to ovate conical, 4-6 mm long and 3-4 mm in diameter. The bud scales are triangular, blunt, pressed and dull brown. They remain valid for several years.
Needles
The needles are usually arranged like a comb, of terminal shoots they are also directed forward. They are 2-8, mostly 3 to 6.5 inches long and 2-4 mm wide. They are rotated slightly towards the base or thin, flat, linear, often curved sickle-shaped and lanceolate in young or standing in thickets trees. You are mucronate, rarely the tip is blunt or pointed in young plants. The needle top is light or dark green, indicating several lines of stomata near the midrib. The bottom has two greenish white gap opening strips which are separated by the central rib.
Cones and seeds
The pollen cones are stalked, 1.0 to 1.5 inches long, yellow with brown scales. The seed cones are individually and upright on the side of the branches of 2-6 cm long stalks. Fully developed cones are 9-20 cm long (rarely from 4 to 25 centimeters) and have shed with open diameter from 4.0 to 6.5 centimeters ( often from 3 to maybe 9 inches ). They are cylindrical, have a blunt tip and are mature light brown to brown and often shiny. The seed scales are 3-4 inches long and 2.5 to 3 cm wide, nearly heart-shaped -oblong with converging tip and more or less concave edge. The outside is furrowed and bald. The bracts are 1.0 to 1.5 inches long, straight, ligulate to spathulate with sharp- pointed or triple lobed tip.
The seeds are oblong, 9-14 mm long, 5-7 mm wide and dull brown. The seed wing is 20 to 30 millimeters long and yellowish brown 12 to 15 millimeters wide and shiny.
Pollination takes place in April and May, the pins mature in October.
Distribution and ecology
The distribution area of Keteleeria evelyniana is located in China on Hainan, in southwest Sichuan and Yunnan, Laos and Vietnam. They are found there in mountainous areas at altitudes of 700-2700 meters, where the species is rarely found above 2000 meters. It usually grows on red soil (China and Laos). The climate is tropical to temperate at higher elevations, often with annual rainfall of over 2000 millimeters. In Yunnan and to the north of Laos you meet the kind together with the fir ( Cunninghamia lanceolata), with different Podocarpus species ( Podocarpus ), with Fortunes Kopfeibe ( Cephalotaxus fortunei ), various representatives of the Beech family ( Fagaceae ), the laurel family ( Lauraceae ) and the magnolia family ( Magnoliaceae ). Keteleeria evelyniana is one of the few types of (Pinaceae ), which occurs in almost tropical surroundings.
The IUCN Red List is specified Keteleeria evelyniana as not at risk ( " Lower Risk / least concern "). It is noted, however, that a re-evaluation of risks is required. In Vietnam it is regarded as vulnerable as they became widely used because of the wood and large parts of the former range are used for agriculture. Some deposits are now protected and use is regulated by the government. In China, the situation is likely to be similar, although there are in Sichuan and Yunnan still larger deposits. The situation in Laos is unknown.
System
Keteleeria evelyniana is a species in the genus Keteleeria that the family (Pinaceae ) is counted. The species belong to two other species. The first description of the species was made in 1903 by the English physician and botanist Maxwell T. Masters in London magazine Gardeners' Chronicle. The specific epithet honors evelyniana the English garden builders, architects and author John Evelyn. There are no distinguished varieties.
Use
The wood is used in the distribution area as timber and firewood. Keteleeria evelyniana was brought by the Scottish botanist George Forrest to England, and from the Austrian-American botanist Joseph Francis Rock to America, but it is rarely found mostly in arboretums and botanical gardens.