Kitasato ShibasaburÅ
Kitasato Shibasaburo (Japanese北 里 柴三郎; born January 29, 1853 in Oguni, Aso -gun, province of Higo (now Kumamoto prefecture), † June 13, 1931 in Tokyo) was a Japanese physician and bacteriologist.
Life
Kitasato was born towards the end of the Edo period in a small village, the eldest son of the village chief Korenobu Kitasato. He had in his youth, first a military career in mind, but then went in 1872 on the advice of his parents after completion of Jishūkan School (时 习 馆) of the domain to Kumamoto Medical School, Kumamoto. Here he met the Dutch military doctor Constant George van Mansvelt know, who had been invited as a Western expert, to take charge of the modernization of medical education. Mansvelt mentored the young Kitasato by forces and recommended further training in Tokyo and later Europe on his departure.
1875 took Kitasato studying at the School of Medicine, Tōkyō ( Tōkyō igakkō ,东京 医 学校, 1877 Faculty of Medicine, Imperial University of Tokyo ), which he completed in 1883. After that, he went first to the Nagano led by Sensai health department of the Interior Ministry, where he at Ogata Masanori (绪 方正 则, 1853-1919 ) worked as a research assistant. Ogata had recently returned from Germany and was the first Japanese Laboratory for Bacteriology furnished.
On the advice and with the promotion by Ogata Kitasato in 1885 went to Berlin, where he worked with Emil von Behring in Robert Koch's laboratory. There he studied the causative agent of tetanus ( lockjaw) and diphtheria. In 1889 he was the first, Clostridium tetani, to grow the tetanus -causing bacterium in a pure culture. Together with Emil von Behring in 1890 he proved the effect of antitoxins against tetanus and diphtheria. 1892 Kitasato returned back to Japan.
1894 researched Kitasato simultaneously with Alexandre Yersin in Hong Kong after the causative agent of plague has broken out there. The published description of the agents of it later turned out to be a mistake, which is probably due to contamination from bacterial cultures by pneumococci. For some time Kitasato was regarded as the discoverer of Pest Reger, which today is, however, named after Yersin Yersinia pestis.
In 1897, he was together with his student Kiyoshi Shiga the causative agent of dysentery, which was named after him Shigella dysenteriae.
In 1914, the Institute for Infectious Diseases in the University of Tokyo has been integrated. In protest, he resigned and founded in 1915 the Kitasato Research Institute in Tokyo, which still exists today as part of the Open Air Museum Meiji Mura in Inuyama. This is then the private Kitasato University developed.
In 1921 he founded, together with other company Terumo, whose name derives from the German word thermometer. The first reliable clinical thermometer was developed by Dr. Kitasato.
He became in 1917 Dean of Medicine of Keio University in 1923 and first president of the Japanese Medical Association. For his achievements, he was elevated to the peerage in 1924. He received the title of Danshaku (Baron ) in Japanese needle system.
He died in 1931 at his home in Tokyo of a cerebral hemorrhage. His grave is in the cemetery Aoyama.
Comments
- Physician (19th century)
- Physician ( 20th century )
- Bacteriologist
- Man
- Japanese
- Born in 1853
- Died in 1931
- Japanese Medicine
- University teachers ( Keio University )
- Member of the Leopoldina ( 20th century)