Kultusministerkonferenz
The Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education in the Federal Republic of Germany (Short form: KMK, abbreviation KMK) is a joint political body responsible for coordinating the Education and Culture policy of countries. It was founded in 1948 and grew out of the "Conference of the German Minister of Education ". The KMK is a voluntary association responsible for education, training and research, and cultural affairs ministers and senators of countries and has an office in Berlin and Bonn. It has no legislative power, their decisions are, therefore, no legal rules, rather they must be adopted only on the country as a national legal regulations. Important decisions concern such as the regulation of the secondary school or the legal status of the student at school.
Overview
Under the Basic Law of the Federal Government are (almost) not transfer any legislative or administrative powers in the field of education and culture, making it in competence of the Länder ( cultural sovereignty ) remains. The KMK treated according to its rules of procedure ' matters of cultural policy of national importance, with the aim of a common opinion and will formation and representing common interests ". As the countries can settle as the owner of original rule cooperation among themselves as they please, the KMK is not found in the Basic Law.
The annual budget of the KMK is currently 60 million euros.
Organization
Organs of the KMK are the plenary, the meeting, the ministers four times a year, the Bureau and the President or the President. The plenary sessions will be prepared by the department heads of the ministries (representative of the Minister, mostly State Secretaries ) in so-called head of department conferences. Preparatory work for the decisions of the plenary sessions and bureau chief conferences afford the three standing committees Main ( school board, university committee, cultural committee ) with their 16 subcommittees and working groups and committees set up for the treatment of certain important areas. There are five standing committees ( Deputy Ministers 'Committee " quality assurance in schools," Deputy Ministers' Committee "Quality Assurance in Higher Education", Commission for European and International Affairs, Statistical Commission, Commission "Sport" ). In addition, the committees and commissions occasion - or project-based working groups and rapporteurs or representatives may appoint.
For day to day management, in particular the preparation of the plenary and committee meetings as well as the evaluation and implementation of the decisions, the KMK maintains a secretariat with offices in Bonn and Berlin, which is headed by a Secretary. Activities and funding of the Secretariat based on an agreement of the provinces in 1959, the new countries joined in 1991. According to § 3 of this Agreement, the Secretariat is an agency of the State of Berlin and is under the authority of the formally responsible for education Senators; are financed proportionately by all states. Following a decision of the Prime Ministers' Conference in 2007 about two thirds of the approximately 200 employees are permanently employed in Bonn, one-third at the Berlin location. The Secretariat is divided into departments for general services, schools, universities, research and art, quality assurance, International and Statisitik; affiliated are also the Educational Exchange Service and the Central Office for Foreign Education.
Bureau 2014
- President: Sylvia Löhrmann, Minister of Education and Training, North Rhine -Westphalia
- 1st Vice President: Brunhild Kurth, Minister of State for Culture, Saxony
- 2nd Vice President: Eva Quante -Brandt, Senator for Education and Science, Bremen
- 3rd Vice President: Stephan Dorgerloh, Minister of Culture of the country, Saxony -Anhalt
- Co-opted member: Doris ancestors, Minister of State for Education, Science, Youth and Culture, Rhineland -Palatinate
- Co-opted member: Ludwig Spaenle, Minister of State for Education and Culture of the Land of Bavaria
Chairman and President since 1948
Theodor Bäuerle | Erwin Stein | Albert Sauer | Adolf Grimme | Alois Hundhammer | Adolf Süsterhenn | Alois Hundhammer | Heinrich Landahl | Albert Sauer | Richard Voigt | Christine Teusch | Willy Dehnkamp | Wilhelm Simpfendörfer | Arno Hennig | Edward Orth | Edo Osterloh | Joachim Tiburtius | Theodor Maunz | Heinrich Landahl | Richard Voigt | Willy Dehnkamp | Paul Mikat | William Hahn | Ernst Schütte | Claus- Joachim von Heydebreck | Werner Scherer | Carl -Heinz Evers | Bernhard Vogel | Hans Maier | Reinhard Philipp | Moritz Thape | Jürgen Girgensohn | Joist grudges | William Hahn | Hans Krollmann | Walter Brown | Josef Jochem | Peter goggle | Hanna- Renate Laurien | Georg Gölter | Hans Maier | Joist grudges | Georg Berndt Oschatz | Hans Schwier | Horst Werner Franke | Helmut Engler | Wolfgang Gerhardt | Georg Gölter | Eva Rühmkorf | Marianne Tidick | Manfred Erhardt | Diether Breitenbach | Steffie Schnoor | Hans Zehetmair | Rosemarie Raab | Karl -Heinz Reck | Rolf Wernstedt | Anke Brunn | Behler | Hans Joachim Meyer | Willi Lemke | Annette Schavan | Dagmar Schipanski | Karin Wolff | Doris Ancestry | Johanna Wanka | Ute ERDSIEK Rave | Jürgen Zöllner | Annegret Kramp - carts Bauer | Henry Tesch | Ludwig Spaenle | Bernd Althusmann | Ties Rabe | Stephan Dorgerloh | Sylvia Löhrmann
Secretaries-General since 1955
Important decisions
- Düsseldorf Agreements ( 1955)
- Hamburg Agreement (1964 )
- Reform of German orthography from 1996
- Constance decision ( 1997)
Discussions
The spelling reform and the debate about a necessary educational reform in the wake of the poor performance of German students in the PISA study revealed in the last few years, the Standing Conference reinforced the public consciousness. Since unanimity was required for their decisions, it was considered by critics to be cumbersome and inflexible.
End of September 2004 announced a minister of Lower Saxony Christian Wulff ( CDU) in a newspaper interview to terminate the treaty on the Secretariat of the Standing Conference. Based on a report submitted by the Standing Conference reform paper, the Prime Ministers' Conference on 15 and December 16, 2004 by mutual agreement decided to continue the Secretariat on 31 December 2005 addition with a reduced headcount by 20 percent. The termination of Lower Saxony is thus canceled.
On 20 October 2006, the Standing Conference received the negative price Big Brother Award for the project, for students and teachers across countries school statistical data centrally summarize and people related to levy, without binding the individual training data to fixed purposes and to protect against misuse and unauthorized access.