Laboratory glassware
Glassware in laboratory technology is the generic term for devices that are made of glass because of the special properties of the material. Because of the thermal shock resistance and high chemical resistance glassware are usually made of borosilicate glass. Thermally highly stressed glass devices - such as pyrolysis - are often made of the relatively brittle Supremax glass, which is up to 680 ° C can be used. Carius tubes are made from the druckbeständigeren Durobax glass. Many devices made of quartz glass for maximum thermal stress ( softening point of about 1400 ° C) and in photochemistry, because of the low thermal expansion coefficient ( 5.8 x 10-7 K-1) has a very high thermal shock resistance.
Equipment
When multiple glass units bonded together, one speaks of a glass apparatus. Large equipment from glassware with ground glass joints are rigid, so a stress-free construction requires great experience. Here, spherical ground connections have been proven, which allow flexible equipment. This will need a suitable bracket for fixing.
Cut
In order to build glass devices, a hermetically closed apparatus, they have at junctions usually a ground glass joint, are therefore also referred to as ground glass devices. The most common form of touches is the taper ground joint in sizes 14.5, 29, or 45 ( "NS " stands for " standard ground ", the number behind it indicates the diameter in mm ). The conical ground connection consists of a sleeve ( the female ground ) and the core ( core section). To build up the ground core is lubricated with a medium-viscosity silicone paste ( when working in a high vacuum with a high-viscosity ). This one features an airtight seal is achieved, as well as the subsequent opening is facilitated. The two connected parts are then fixed with a ground clamp ( ground clamp ).
More cut shapes are the flat-ground (in the desiccator ), the cylinder sanding ( the KPG stirrer ) and the spherical ground.
Advantages of glass
- Resistance to most chemicals
- Transparency
- Thermal plasticity in the production ( can be made from glass blower by heating in almost any shape )
- By low thermal expansion coefficient is relatively insensitive to changes in temperature
- Low Price
- Easy to clean
Important glassware
- Evaporating
- Allihn condenser (spherical wave)
- Andreasen pipette
- Hydrometer
- Beaker
- Pear-shaped flask
- Buchner funnel
- Burette, gas burette
- Stopcock
- Claisen head
- Claisen condenser, glass condenser
- Distilling
- Dewar
- Dimroth
- Dispenser
- Double tap Pipe / Gas mouse / gas manifold
- Three -way cock
- Cold finger
- Erlenmeyer flasks
- Desiccator
- Filter plate for gas washing bottle
- Gas measuring bell
- Gas washing bottle
- Hemacytometer
- Hämometer
- Hämometerpipette
- High vacuum valve
- Hollow stopper
- Hydrotimeterbüretten
- Intensive condenser
- Tipping machine
- Kjeldahl flask
- Syringe
- Crystallizing
- Cold trap
- Cuvette
- Lambda pipettes
- Liebig condenser, glass condenser
- Air cooler
- Solid plug
- Multi-necked flask
- Volumetric flask
- Measuring cylinder
- Petri dish
- Pipette
- Pneumatic trough
- Powder funnel
- Pycnometer
- Test tube
- Reaction tube
- Round-bottomed flask
- Reflux condenser, glass condenser
- Saccharimeter
- Oxygen cylinder
- Feeding bottle
- Separatory funnel
- Coil condenser
- Schlenk vessel
- Ground glass stoppers
- Sedimentierapparat
- Seripettor
- Boiling capillary
- Soxhlet
- Pear-shaped flask
- Stalagmometer
- Measuring cylinder
- Bottom flask
- Transferpettor
- Funnel
- Drying tube
- Dropping funnel
- Tube top lid for desiccator
- U-tube
- Watch glass
- Way stopcock
- Evaporating flask
- Viscometer
- Advance
- Wash bottle
- Centrifuge tube