Laguna de Santa Rosa

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Template: Infobox River / BILD_fehlt

The Laguna de Santa Rosa ( for "Lake of Santa Rosa " spanish ) is a US-based, 23 -kilometer-long, Wetland in Sonoma County in the state of California. It is the second largest freshwater wetland in northern California.

Run

The main source of the Laguna de Santa Rosa is located in the hills on the west side of U.S. Route 101 near Cotatis. Your water flows in an easterly direction crossing the Route 101 and flows into after Cotati at the motorway junction of West Sierra Avenue. Then the Laguna runs under the Old Redwood Highway through, south of Charles Street and meets near the Marsh Way to a drainage ditch. ( Some sources refer to this channel as the main part of the Laguna de Santa Rosa. )

From this confluence of the Laguna turns to the northwest and crosses the East Cotati Avenue, where it forms the border between Cotati and Rohnert Park. Near the Southwest Boulevard it crosses again the Route 101 and leaves the municipality of Cotati. In the further course to the northwest, the river increased by the inflow of streams Copeland Creek, Washoe Creek, Hinebaugh Creek and Five Creek. The Laguna de Santa Rosa crosses thereon the Llano Road at the regional wastewater treatment plant, as the next street Todd Road is crossed and takes the Blucher Creek on. To the east of Sebastopol, it is crossed by the California State Route 12, and turns to the north. Just south of the Guerneville Road, opens the Santa Rosa Flood Control Channel in the Laguna, which water from the Santa Rosa Creek and its tributaries carries with it. The Laguna continues to flow nortwärts, the Mark West Creek picking up and opening out even amid the wetlands east of Forestville in the Russian River.

History

Archaeological Observations in southern Sonoma County narrators evidence that the land around the Laguna de Santa Rosa around under the control of three Pomostämme, the Konhomtara, the Kataictemi and Bitakomtara, stand, which together occupied an area of ​​about 906 square kilometers.

The territory of Konhomtaras included " ... the area of present day Sebastopol, bounded on the east by the Laguna, on the north by the Russian River, on the west by the summit of the mountains nearest the coast, and on the south by to indeterminate line did extended from the south end of the Laguna to the western border " ( Stewart, 1943; into German: " ... the terrain section of today's Sebastopol, bordered on the east by the Laguna, in the north of the Russian River, in west on the summit of the coastal mountains, and on the south by an indefinite border that ran along the imaginary extension of the southern Laguna ").

The Kataictemi populated the land on both sides of the Russian River north of Mark West Creek. Your northern boundary lay about two miles north of the present-day Healdsburg, and included the lower reaches of Dry Creek.

The tribe Bitakomtara sat down probably for two sub- tribes together, one of which was locates at the top of the Santa Rosa Creek and the other in Santa Rosa, this also populated the eastern coast of the Laguna. The territory of Bitakomtara was bounded on the north by the Mark West Creek, on the west by the Laguna, on the south by an undefined line that ran from the summit of Sonoma Mountain to the south end of the Laguna de Santa Rosa, and in the east from the summit of the Mayacamas Mountains southward to the top of Sonoma Mountain.

The "South end of the Laguna " was ( the south end of the lake) and is at the height of the city of Cotati, about 7.2 kilometers south of Rohnert Park.

The theory is substantiated by the settlement of the three Pomo tribes by more than 80 archaeological sites that could be unambiguously assigned to the Pomo. Some sites are located in areas subject to flooding in the western margin of the Laguna.

The rich wetlands of the Laguna presented a significant ownership for the Pomo represents the control of this input triggered a traditional tension between the tribes from which Tensions probably continuously. For the passing of the areas of each tribe a permit was required. So the Konhomtara had to let it get away from the Kataictemi in the Russian River to fish.

The ancient Laguna 20th century BC introduced the tribes rich fish, poultry and Ordinary Teichbinsevorkommen available. From the ordinary Teichbinse the reeds were needed for the production of huts and canoes.

From the year 1870, the agriculture in the vicinity of Laguna was intensified, it was favored by the links in the area of the railway network. In the 1960s, the opening up of the eastern plain was almost complete, at the same time broke the earlier 1.6 million -member population anadromous fish together. In 1989, more than 92 percent of the adjacent alluvial forest was gone and the water quality reached an extremely low level.

Geology

During the Miocene, the entire region was covered by the Pacific Ocean. Before around 12 million years ago formed, accompanied by volcanism, Auffaltungsprozesse in the east of Laguna the Mayacamas and the Sonoma Mountains. So they created the geomorphological features of the contemporary landscape. Millions of years of fluvial erosion resulted in rich soils in the plane of Santa Rosa and the Laguna de Santa Rosa, the meanders of an outflow channel across the wide plain. The western ridge is, however, much less pronounced and less involved in the drainage of the basin.

The soil types within the Laguna are complex and vary greatly according to their location. Many areas immediately adjacent to the Laguna soils are classified as clayey soils. The surface is typically dark gray. The soils are light to medium except in the 100 cm thick upper layer, here below are moderately alkaline, dark clay soils. The slope of the catchment area of ​​the Laguna is between zero and two percent.

Hydrology and Water Quality

The largest tributaries of the Laguna are the Santa Rosa Creek, Copeland Creek, the Hinebaugh Creek, the Five Creek, Washoe Creek and the Blucher Creek. In the dry summer, the Laguna de Santa Rosa consists of meandering loops, while it is flooded in the winter storm season, forming a series of lakes. There are numerous seasonal occurring water basins in the flood zone, which extends for miles to the east. In this area, some rare and endangered species are located.

In terms of water quality, the Laguna is classified as impaired under the Clean Water Act of 1972, in the categories of soil deposition, nitrogen, phosphorus, temperature, mercury and oxygen saturation, it is the most polluted waters on the north coast of California.

Ecology

The Laguna de Santa Rosa is comprised of various habitats such as freshwater areas, riparian forest and wetlands, seasonal wetlands and mud areas. A variety of rare and endangered species extinction can be detected at the Laguna. Thus, the species Ambystoma californiense, Syncaris pacifica and Limnanthes vinculans are present here. Since the North American Pacific Flyway, a flight path of migratory birds, over the Laguna runs it provides a habitat for the Canada goose, the turkey vulture the burrowing owl, the great egret, the heron and Canada for the American Kestrel. Of more than 200 species of birds known to be present during the fish migration in the area of ​​Laguna. Also pull extinction endangered salmon fish the Laguna to spawn in one of its tributaries.

Administration and Management

A Grossert part of the main habitat of the Laguna is in private hands. The water of the Laguna is just like the surrounding country and it 's natural resources from multiple government agencies regulated. At the federal level played the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in the analysis of water quality, particularly in terms of sediments, an important role. The National Marine Fisheries Service of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration controls problematic habitats and tried to rescue the salmon fish contribute. The State of California is exerted through the Department of Fish and Game of ownership as well as safeguards for endangered species. The North Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board is responsible for the regulation of water quality. At the local level, the Sonoma County Water Agency parts of Laguna managed to flood protection. In addition, the city Sebastopol also owns land in the Laguna region, which is managed as a public park. In addition to the government agencies and the privately operated Laguna de Santa Rosa Foundation plays an active role in public education, restoration, research and implementation of educational programs in the Laguna.