Lebuinus

Lebuin ( altsächs. Liafwin, " dear friend "; † about 775) was an Anglo-Saxon missionary in the Frankish Empire. He became famous through his mentioned in the Vita Lebuini appearance at the Marklo Assembly of the pagan Old Saxons. Lebuin is venerated as a Christian saint.

  • 3.1 Other sources

Life

Life (after Vita Liudgeri I)

About birth and youth Lebuins nothing is known. The oldest and most reliable historical source According to ( Vita Liudgeri I) was Lebuin a pious and learned priest, who ( to 770) from the Anglo-Saxon Britain to mainland came over to preach to the people in the area of the river IJssel. That area was then a frontier of Christian Franks, partially converted pagan Frisians and Old Saxony, which has long attracted Anglo-Saxon missionaries. In charge of this diocese Abbot Gregory of Utrecht granted Lebuin a permit and put it another originating from England clergyman named Mark helmet to the side, who had been a pupil of the eminent missionary Willibrord. Lebuin was taken by a woman Aeverhild and other local believers. On the west side of the river IJssel, in Wilp, the faithful for Lebuin built a chapel first. Shortly thereafter, they built their preacher on the opposite bank, in Deventer, a church which became the center of his missionary activities. What activities Lebuin doing, aroused in detail, the source does not say. But apparently he challenged the wrath of the Old Saxons. This accumulated namely an army, burned down Lebuins church in Deventer and expelled the Christians from that area. The missionary fled back to Utrecht to his mentor Abbot Gregor. As the attackers were gone again, Lebuin returned to Deventer back, took his old career again and built the church again. Soon after ( about 775) he died and was buried in his church.

Years Precise dating to Lebuin are not possible. The time frame of his work as a missionary, as he can be tapped indirectly from Vita Liudgeri I, II comprises approximately the year 770 to the year more than 776

The second destruction of Lebuins church in Deventer (after Vita Liudgeri I, II)

After Lebuins death Deventer was a second time destroyed by the Old Saxons and burned Lebuins church. This is particularly highlighted in the sources that the body of the church founder, remained hidden to the Gentiles, and only could be recovered by another cleric, the Holy Liudger. This was built over the grave Lebuins a third church (before 777 ) and ordered the Christian life in the place again.

Lebuin and Marklo Assembly (after the Vita Lebuini )

In the Vita Lebuini is reported that Lebuin has gone on a journey into the interior of the anti-Christian Altsachsens, and indeed to a place near the Weser river called Marklo where the Saxon magnates regularly homed with her entourage to a central assembly to the inner affairs of their country to govern. Lebuin suddenly appeared among those present and urged them to accept the Christian faith, otherwise put at risk violent subjugation by a neighboring king. The Saxons revolted against the missionary and expelled him from the meeting. Threatened with death Lebuin disappeared before the eyes of the nations, by being hidden by a divine miracle in the trunk of a tree.

This report is miracle in the history of the early Middle Ages, therefore, of particular importance, because - in addition to the Ecclesiastical History of the Venerable Bede in the early eighth century - is the only font source that provides detailed information about the internal affairs Altsachsens. The credibility of the Vita Lebuini, to which the doctrine is based on the Old Saxon history is, however, now massively doubted quite discarded ( M.Springer ).

Worship

Lebuin is worshiped as a Catholic saint since the 9th century. His feast day is November 12. This is particularly maintained his memory in the town of Deventer, even beyond the time of the Protestant Reformation addition.

In the field of the Westphalian city of Herford a monument to Lebuin ( Lebuinsbuche ) is built. The saint is said to have been hidden in his flight from the Marklo Assembly at that point. This worship was probably not until 1934.

Swell

  • Altfrid: Vita Liudgeri I. Posted 840-849 of Altfrid, the third Bishop of Münster ( † 849 ), newly edited by B. Senger: Liudger in his time. Münster 1982.
  • Anonymous: Vita Liudgeri II Posted 850 to 859
  • Anonymous: Vita Lebuini I. Monumenta Historica Germaniae, SS 30.2, ISSN 0343-0847 (perhaps written 840-862, probably only around 900)
  • Hucbald: Vita Lebuini II Posted 917-930 of Hucbald, monastery monk of St. Amand († 930).
  • Bede: 5.10. Bede: Ecclesiastical History of the English people. Darmstadt 1982, p 458f. , ISBN 3-534-13422-2

Other sources

  • Poem of Radbod of Utrecht on Lebuin, in: Monumenta Historica Germaniae, poetae. Band 4.1. 1881, pp. 171, ISSN 0343-0847 ( Radbod, Bishop of Utrecht (reigned 899-817 ) )
  • Sermon of Radbod of Utrecht on Lebuin: J. P. Migne: Patrologiae cursus completus. Series latina, Volume 132, pp. 553 f
  • Mention of Lebuin tomb in Deventer, in: Annales Fuldenses. Hannover, 1891, 1993, pp. 99, ISBN 3-7752-5303-3, also available in: sources Carolingian Empire history. Volume 3, Darmstadt 1960, pp. 118f.
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