Legitimists
Legitimism is generally the point of view of security of tenure of the ruling family. This position differs from monarchism, since the latter may see a different form of government as legitimate, the legitimism by definition not. Historically important, he was a movement in republican France of the 18th and 19th centuries and in the Austrian First Republic.
France
As legitimists (French légitimistes, law of légitime = legally ) refers to the party in France, which continued to support the claims of the elder branch of the House of Bourbon as the legitimate ruler of God's grace after the revolution of 1830. The death of the Count of Chambord in 1883 caused the dissolution of the party of the legitimist; only an insignificant group, known as the Blancs d' Espagne, did not recognize the successor renunciation of Philip V of Spain and held the rights of the Bourbons in the Angevin line upright. Louis Alphonse de Bourbon holds as Louis XX. Claim to the French throne, in contrast to Henri d' Orléans as a supposed Henri VII
The word légitimiste was approved by the French Academy until 1878; in the meantime, but its use had spread beyond France and is for all supporters of hereditary monarchies (cf. legitimacy ).
Competing were and still are to some extent also in France, the legitimist Orléanistenlager whose followers spoke up for a return of the 1830 coming to power, and 1848 ousted King Louis Philippe and his descendants.
Austria
Especially in Austria those circles are so historically referred to, which in the first Republic of the abdication of Emperor Karl I did not recognize, as it had in 1918 but not only sacrificed the government involvement, to the crown. This position was not only inconsistent with the Republic, but has also failed with the Nazi dictatorship 1938-45. That's why this group still played during the Second World War a significant role in the resistance and ( were about 4500 legitimists and persons associated with them arrested and sent to concentration camps it ) in exile, but increasingly lost in the Second Republic.
The following legitimist associations were held on 24 May 1938 as opposing organizations and associations as prescribed by the State Commissioner of the Reich Governor in Vienna ( Gen.Kdo XVII, Wehrkreiskdo XVII, Ic Az 1p 12 # 471 /38. )
1 ) Iron Ring, 2 ) Association österreicscher clubs, 3 ) Academic Federation of Catholic Austrian country teams, 4 ) Black Gold Cartel, 5 ) old boys ' covenant' councils - Teutonia "6 ) Patriotic military shank " Ostmark ", 7 ) Lichtenstein round, 8 ) Association of Former Theresianists, 9 ) Mitpatenschaft Viennese women and girls, 10 ) Union bourgeois merchants, 11 ) Altkaiserjäger - Club 12 ) camaraderie former " 7-series ", 13 ) Association of former career officers Austria 14 ) Patriotic ring of Austrian soldiers, 15 ) Austrian - legitimist Association, 16 ) Reichsbund the Austrians, 17 ) Austrian front, 18 ) Black and Yellow people's Party, 19 ) Austrian Danube rescue Corps, 20th ) Austrian youth movement " Ottonia " 21 ) young storm " Ostmark ", 22 ) Jung - Austrian Federal Government, 23 ) Patriotic Youth League Austria, 24 ) Austrian Jungsturm 25 ) federation of German Catholic Youth, Karl Lueger - federal, Karl Vogelsang - federal, " the Habicht Burger ", 26 ) loyalty to the emperor popular movement, 27 ) legitimist people's League Austria, 28 ) legitimist medical profession in Austria, 29 ) Association of Old Austria, 30 ) Emperor spreader people Association (Wolff - Association )
Otto Habsburg- Lorraine as a theoretical declared heir to the throne in 1961, he explicitly renounce his membership to the House of Habsburg -Lorraine and to all of their inferential claims to power and confess as a loyal citizen of the Republic. This waiver was a condition for the lifting of the entry ban. In 2002, Otto Habsburg-Lothringen described himself as a legitimist and defined in the postscript legitimists than those that would occur for legitimate acceptable form of government at that time: " It would be equally absurd to form a monarchist movement in Switzerland, as a republic in Spain. That would hurt equally. One should not overstate the issue of the form of government. It is a form that you can use that varies according to the conditions and corresponds to the perspective of the legitimacy of the currently existing. " His opinion of the legitimate form of government for Austria he leaves in the interview. Since 2004, in Austria the Black - Yellow Alliance again an organization that fights for a return of the Habsburgs to the head of state.
Legitimists or related
- Uriel Birnbaum
- Leopold Freiherr Ferdinand von Andrian to Werburg
- Gusztáv Gratz
- Erik Kuehnelt - Leddihn
- Leo Perutz
- Joseph Roth
- Karl Burian
Legitimist student associations
In the student scene, this was reflected in the legitimist student associations, which organized partly in Vienna SC. During the Nazi period, professing legitimists were persecuted by the Nazis, as they considered Otto von Habsburg as their rightful head of state and the German Reich refused to pledge allegiance.
Today there are 15-20 lines in Austria and Bavaria, which represented the legitimist principle, 11 of which are Koel compounds ( Academic Federation of Catholic Austrian country teams).