Lev Berg
Lev Semenovich Berg (Russian Лев Семёнович Берг, scientific transliteration Lev Semenovic mountain; * 2 Märzjul / March 14 1876greg in Bendery, .. † December 24, 1950 in Leningrad) was a Soviet zoologist and geographer.
Youth and studies
Lev Semenovich Berg (now at that time the government of Bessarabia, Moldova) born on 14 March 1876 in Bendery. From 1885 to 1894 he attended high school in Chisinau, which he successfully graduated with a Gold Medal ( highest award ). Then he took up his studies at the Faculty of Moscow State University Physics and Mathematics. Focus of his studies were in the early years especially zoology, particularly ichthyology, and in later years of study the geography. Already during his studies he focused on studies of fish of the Dniester, Bessarabia and the Urals. In 1898, Berg earned a degree at the university.
Scientific Work
In the years after his studies, he worked mainly with the climatology and the zoogeography. As part of its geographical studies mountain examined at this time, the chemical, physical and biological characteristics of fresh water, especially lakes in Central Asia and Western Siberia. Among other things, he examined the Lake Balkhash, Lake Ladoga, Issyk Kul, and the Aral Sea, over which he graduated in 1909 with his publication " Aral Sea " ( Аральское море ).
In addition, he worked on at this time mainly with the climatology. He developed on the basis of his investigations in Central Asia and Siberia a nature zone model, which divided the earth on the basis of environmental factors, the relief, the soil and the vegetation in zones. Berg has published several books on climatology, where he held these findings. Among other things, the book "Climate and Life" ( Климат и жизнь; 1922), "Fundamentals of Climatology " ( Основы климатологии; 1927) and " landscape - geographical zones of the USSR" ( Ландшафтно - географические зоны СССР ).
From 1904 to 1913 he worked as a senior zoologist in the field of ichthyology at the Museum of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences. In 1914 he became Professor of Ichthyology and hydrology at the Agricultural Institute in Moscow. Mountain occupied himself throughout his life with the ichthyology, from which many useful insights about paleontology, anatomy and embryology of fish in Russia resulted. Furthermore, were his studies on the reproductive periods of fish and the influence of climate variability on migrating fish species is essential. Berg has published numerous works on the fishes of Russia, for example, " The fish Turkistan " ( Рыбы Туркестана; 1905) or his most famous work " freshwater fish of the Russian Empire" ( Рыбы пресных вод Российской империи ) in 1916.
In 1916 he became professor of geography at the University of Petrograd, where he remained until 1925. 1922 came out his Nomogenesis, a once much-discussed theory of macroevolution. Since 1932 he worked as Head of the Department of Applied Ichthyology of the Institute for Fisheries and in 1934 was head of the Department of Ichthyology laboratory at the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences in Leningrad. From 1940 to 1950, Berg President of the Russian Geographical Society. In 1946 he was a member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences in which he was from 1948 to 1950 Chairman of the ichthyological Commission. He became internationally known particularly for his work " Leo S. Berg: Classification of fishes Both recent and fossil" (. Russ Система рыбообразных и рыб, ныне живущих и ископаемых, 1940, German 1958, English 1940, reprint 1965), the prevailed decades standards of modern systematics, especially since it took into account the primitive " Fishy ".
Honors and Awards
In 1949 the fourth edition of his work on the fishes of the Soviet Union appeared, now under the name " freshwater fishes of the USSR and adjacent countries" ( Рыбы пресных вод СССР и сопредельных стран ), posthumously awarded the Stalin Prize for the mountain in 1951.
2001, the Bank of the Republic of Transnistria brought a silver commemorative coin out in honor of Lew Hill.
After Lew mountain a volcano on the Kurileninsel Urup, a mountain and a glacier in the Pamirs, a cape on the October Revolution Island, as well as a glacier is named in the Djungarian Alatau. In addition, more than 60 Latin animal and plant names include his name.