Liriodendron chinense
Journal of the Chinese tulip tree
The Chinese tulip tree ( Liriodendron chinense ) is one of two species of the genus tulip trees ( Liriodendron ) from the family of the magnolia family ( Magnoliaceae ).
- 4.1 Notes and references
Description
From the other species of the genus Liriodendron, the American tulip tree, it differs in addition to the reduced plant height by the larger and deeper lobed leaves.
Vegetative characteristics
The Chinese tulip tree grows achieved as a deciduous tree, the growth heights up to 40 m and trunk diameter of about 1 m ( DBH). The grayish - white bark is longitudinally fissured and dissolves in small portions from. The bark of the branches is gray to grayish - brown. The clear, alternate and spirally arranged on the branches leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The petiole has a length of 4 to 8 ( up to 16) cm. The simple, membranous to papery leaf blade has a length of 4 to 12 ( to 18) cm and a width of 3 to 9.5 (up to 23 ) cm, is vierlappig, the Spreitengrund is slightly heart-shaped and the blade tip is notched. The lower leaf surface is blue - green and the top shiny and smooth. The two stipules are with each other, but not adherent to the petioles and fall off late.
The species is hardy in Central Europe, but may freeze back in severe winters branches.
Generative features
In the heyday in May the flowers appear terminally individually along with the leaves. The hermaphrodite, cup-shaped flowers are protogyn, that is, the female organs mature before the male. The standing in three counties ( seven to ) nine bloom ( tepals ) are almost the same diverse. The outer three tepals are sepal -like, far back bent down and green. The inner tepals are six upright kronblattartig, with a length of 3 to 4 cm obovate, yellowish - green with a yellow to orange band or spot at the base. The many 5-6 mm long stamens are whorled on a short torus, and fall off late. The stamens are 5 to 6 mm one-third to half as long as the 10 to 16 mm long anthers. The many free, yellowish - green fruit leaves are arranged spirally and project beyond the perianth; the bottom are sterile. Each carpel contains two ovules hanging.
The 7-9 cm long fruit collection consists of about 6 mm long, angular, one-to zweisamigen nutlets. The fruits ripen from September to October.
The chromosome number is 2n = 38
Occurrence
The Chinese tulip tree grows in forests at altitudes between 900 and 1000 meters in the Chinese provinces: Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang, and northern Vietnam. This type is used for timber and as an ornamental tree. It is a rare and endangered species
System
The first description was in 1886 by William Botting Hemsley Liriodendron tulipifera L. var as chinense in the Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany, 23, pp. 25, thereby Hemsley wrote already that it is presumed to be a separate species. The rank of an independent nature gave her Charles Sprague Sargent under the name of Liriodendron chinense in Trees and Shrubs, 1 ( 3), 1903, pp. 103 Liriodendron tulipifera Another synonym is var sinensis Diels.
Swell
- Yuhu Liu, Nianhe Xia, Liu Yuhu & Hans P. Nooteboom: Magnoliaceae in the Flora of China, Volume 7, 2008, p 90: Liriodendron chinense - Online. (Section Description and systematics)