List of laser types

This list contains the Laserytpen laser categorized according to their lasing medium. Listed are gas lasers, dye lasers, solid state lasers and their respective sub-categories, such as laser diodes ( semiconductor laser ), metal vapor laser and excimer laser. Free-electron lasers are not listed because they are no laser in the strict sense (no active laser medium and thus no degradation of the population inversion by stimulated emission).

Survey

Lasers are usually categorized according to their lasing medium. In general, the following categorization according to the thermodynamic states of aggregation of the laser medium. These are then further divided into more specific types of states. Thus, for example, gaseous media still distinguished by their ionization and solids according to their conductivity or other properties. The following chart gives a rough overview of a common categorization:

The following graphic provides an overview of wavelengths of commercially available lasers. Types of lasers with discrete laser lines above and tunable lasers entered below the bar of wavelengths. The color indicates the type of the laser material:

List

The following table lists each of the most common name, the type, the laser medium, the main wavelengths ( a span means that the laser is tunable over this area) if ( J! ) or not ( N! ) pulse mode and continuous wave (cw be used ) and is efficiently possible, the typical designs and pump sources and a selection of the most common applications. The Overview and frequency sake laser with neutral gases at room temperature are given only the type of gas and laser doped with nonmetal materials of the type solid-state, all others are specified in each case in more detail. The design specifies the form in which the laser medium or the whole resonator can be built:

  • Passed - the gas or the dye is changed continuously
  • Closed - gas or dye is sealed in the cavity
  • Crystal - The solid is a crystal block before
  • Fiber - The solid is as fiberglass ago
  • Slab - The device is implemented as a slab laser ( plates)

Postgraduate

  • F. Kneubühl, M. Sigrist: Laser. 7th edition. Vieweg Teubner, Wiesbaden 2008, ISBN 978-3-8351-0145-6.
  • Bahaa EA Saleh, Malvin Carl Teich: Fundamentals of Photonics. 2nd edition. Wiley -VCH, Weinheim 2008, ISBN 978-3-527-40677-7.
  • Laser in the Encyclopedia of Laser Physics and Technology (English )
Gaslaser Fiber laser Carbon monoxide Glow discharge Cathode ray Nitrogen laser Electric discharge in gases Optical pumping Chromium Titanium Ion laser Argon Cadmium Lead Neodymium Yttrium aluminium garnet Yttrium Holmium Erbium Photolithography Indium gallium nitride
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