Litovelské Pomoravà Protected Landscape Area
Litovelske Morava ( German Littauer Marchtal ) is a nature reserve in the Moravian region of Olomouc, Czech Republic. Since 1990, It protects the wetlands in the floodplain along the middle reaches of March. The area is 96 km ² in size and occupies an approximately 44 km long and 3-8 km wide strip between the cities of Olomouc and Mohelnice.
Topography
The site is located in the contact zone of the Bohemian Massif and the Western Carpathians. The southeastern part is flat, the lowest point is on the southern edge with a height of 210 m. n m. In the north- west, a range of hills with the mountains Jelení includes vrch ( 344.9 m nm) and Třesín ( 344.9 m nm ) as the highest elevations.
The anostomosierende river forms in Litovelske Pomoravi an inland delta, which is mainly covered by forests and wetlands. More than half of the area is forested. The March passes through here its last major natural section; outside the settlements it is not regulated. In spring, the wetlands are flooded regularly. 7% of the site is constantly 36% periodically under water. In addition to the humid lowland protected area also includes the karst of Mount Třesín with some caves and the mixed deciduous forest Doubrava. Agricultural land use and development play a subordinate role. In the middle between the flat southern and the hilly northern part of the city lies Litovel, in the extreme south of the protected area touches the city limits of Olomouc.
Flora and Fauna
In the lowland forest reserve, mixed deciduous forest and alder forest predominates. The softwood are covered with ash, willow and black poplar, the riparian hardwood with oak, lime, maple and elm. In the hill country are mixed beech forests. Some plants grow here on the northern edge of their range, such as the branchy 's Lily, Rose Mallow and the True Solomon's Seal. Reeds, sedges and wet meadows are found only in the floodplain, the higher terraces are used for agriculture. As recently as the 1960s, there were 1,000 hectares wet meadows, now a third of it is just left.
The wildlife is in accordance with the wetland. In the conservation area settle the shed tail and other cancers, 35 species of fish were counted. Local representatives of the amphibians and reptiles are spadefoot toad, common frog, common toad, Northern crested newt, lizards, slow worms and grass snakes. 48 species of birds breed here, 40 of which are typical forest birds. The forests are a refuge for bats. 1991 were exposed beaver.
Ecological Significance
In the conservation area Litovelské Pomoravi are 25 small-scale areas under special protection: 2 National Nature Reserves, one National Nature Monument, 13 nature reserves and 11 natural monuments. Since November 2, 1993 5,122 acres are designated as internationally important wetland; so Litovelske Pomoravi is one of 12 entered in the register of the Ramsar Convention in the Czech republic. In 2005, 9318.57 hectares were declared a bird sanctuary by the Natura 2000 system.
The humid lowlands of March, in addition to their ecological value also very important as a drinking water reservoir in the region. The abstraction of drinking water has already led to a reduction of the water table. Another hazard of the water balance, the planned Danube-Oder - Elbe canal dar. In 1997, the reserve was therefore listed in the Montreux records of endangered Ramsar protected areas.
See also: List of protected areas in the Czech Republic