Liubice

(Also called Leubice ) Liubice is the Slavic name for Alt- Lübeck ( meaning: " the lovely "), a Vorsiedlung of today Lübeck. However, this is not the geographical nucleus of the Hanseatic city.

Location

Liubice lies at the mouth of the Schwartau in the Travelodge, about six kilometers downstream of the city island of today Lübeck and opposite the Teerhofinsel.

History

In the 7th century moved in during the migrations of the Germanic inhabitants abandoned areas in the Bay of Lübeck Slavic peoples after. The Wagrians and Polabs built a dense network of villages and castles, including Oldenburg ( Starigard ), Plon, Ratzeburg and later the Slavic royal residence Liubice, as Alt -Lübeck is a ground monument today, at the confluence of the Schwartau in the Travelodge. This settlement was not densely populated in the second half of the 9th century and in the 10th century. Only in jungslawischer time can be re- capture an increasing population. Liubice was - despite the lack of spatial correspondence - the predecessor of the later settlement city of Lübeck.

From the mid-11th century was an extension Liubices that led to the emergence of a large settlement complex in the 11th century. 1055 and in subsequent years the old castle was renewed. This measure is connected to the Slavic princes Gottschalk. After his death Kruto took control not only in Wagrien but throughout Abodritenverband, and in the last year covered the beginnings of the redesign of the castle. 1087 the weir was renewed for the second time. During this time the castle was separated on the west by a 12 m wide trench from the country, making it lay on an artificial island.

For full bloom came Liubice among Slavs " king " Henry. Heinrich von Alt- Lübeck's seat was now a early urban complex consisting of a castle, port, two and one own Vorburgsiedlungen to a Kaufmannskirche evolving merchants settlement across the river. In the middle of the castle, the Church takes off from the profane buildings. The older, built of wooden church has a floor plan of 22 m length and 15 m width. For the Slavic, but also the Scandinavian area of ​​this floor plan is unusual. Parallels are known only from Iceland. The church is architecturally attractive and representative. She served as a burial ground and is dated in the 90s of the 11th century. The new church was built of field stones. She was 20 m long and 11 m wide, nave, and had a semi-circular apse. The decline of the church is based on the destruction Alt- Lübeck by the Ranen 1138 by Henry and his sons death. Successor Henry was Knud Lavard. Liubice is applied as a trading center. The name Liubice was transferred in 1143 by Count Adolf II of Holstein to be located on a peninsula called Bucu city's founding project from which the present Lübeck emerged.

The residents there still Abodrites held until the 13th century before the Marienkirche in Lübeck their new council from. In Liibeck law itself remains Slavic rights institutions have held.

Research

First excavations already made mid 19th century by the Lübeck Pastor Marcus Jochim Carl Klug. With the help of arisen in the 1970s, new dating method of dendrochronology, it has been found that Alt -Lübeck in fact older than previously thought. The oldest Wall has been dated to 819. Here are two additional parts of the wall that have been dated to the years 1055 and 1087. The wall has a diameter of about 100 meters and had a gate on the south side on. Dendrochronological show two repairs to the wall and construction work within the castle in the years 1002 and 1035th Under the 1852 discovered stone church was found an earlier wooden church. Scattered throughout the castle at that time were wattle and log buildings. Dated to the end of the 11th century church had a semi-circular apse.