Ludwig Hilberseimer

Ludwig Hilberseimer ( born September 14, 1885 in Karlsruhe, † May 6, 1967 in Chicago) was an architect and urban planner. He taught at the Bauhaus and at the Illinois Institute of Technology ( IIT).

Life

Ludwig Hilberseimer studied from 1906 to 1910 architecture at the Technical University of Karlsruhe, without obtaining a degree. He then worked for six months in the architectural firm Behrens & Neumark in Bremen, before he moved to Berlin in 1911. Until 1914 he worked in the office of Heinz Let in Bremen. Later he headed the planning office for Zeppelin Hall in Berlin- Staaken. Since 1919 he was a member of the Working Council for Art and the November Group, working as an independent architect and town planner and has published numerous theoretical writings on art, architecture and urbanism.

In 1926 he founded with Hugo Häring, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and other colleagues, the Union of Architects "The Ring ". In 1929 he was appointed by Hannes Meyer at the Bauhaus Dessau. He taught initially Building and Planning and from 1930 under the direction of Mies van der Rohe, the fan-shaped city planning and human settlements as Bauhaus masters.

In 1938 he went Mies van der Rohe at the Armour Institute of Technology, IIT later to Chicago. There he taught Urban and Regional Planning until shortly before his death.

Importance

Hilberseimer takes among the architects of classical modernism a special role. Its meaning he gained through his built work less than by his extensive theoretical writings and projects. 1919-1925 he published in magazines such as " Socialist Monatshefte ", " Art Journal ", " fire ", " The only one ", "G - Journal of elementary design ", " Vesc ", " block" and "Ma" in art and architectural theory writings.

Parallel created numerous urban studies. In response to the "Ville Radiant City " by Le Corbusier, his project is to understand the " skyscraper city " from 1924, in which a " business city " and a " living city " for three million inhabitants are stacked vertically, especially for long journeys to and from the to avoid work. The sterile street canyons in the perspective views of the " skyscraper city " have shaped his image as a dogmatic functionalist sustainable.

Since 1929 Hilberseimer developed at the Bauhaus urban studies decentralized concentration of large cities. Against the backdrop of economic and political decline of the Weimar Republic, he developed a universal and globally adaptable planning system (The New City, 1944), which provided for a gradual resolution of the cities and a complete penetration of landscape and settlement. In order to establish a lasting balance between man, industry and nature, the residents should be protected at all scales against all kinds of disasters and crisis.

In Lafayette Park in Detroit (1956-1963), a part of the " New City ", together with Mies van der Rohe and the landscape architect Alfred Caldwell excerpts of implemented.

Selected Publications

  • Large towns; Aposs, Hannover 1925
  • Urban architecture; Julius Hoffmann, Stuttgart 1927
  • Concrete as a designer; with Dr. Julius Vischer. Julius Hoffmann, Stuttgart 1928
  • International new architecture; Julius Hoffmann, Stuttgart 1928
  • Hangars; J. M. Gerhardt, Leipzig, 1931
  • The New City. Principles of Planning; Paul Theobald, Chicago 1944
  • The New Regional Pattern. Industries and Gardens. Workshops and Farms; Paul Theobald, Chicago 1949
  • The Nature of Cities. Origin, Growth, and Decline. Pattern and shape. Planning problem; Paul Theobald, Chicago 1955
  • Mies van der Rohe; Paul Theobald, Chicago 1956
  • Development of a planning idea; Bauwelt foundations 6, Berlin 1963
  • Contemporary Architecture, It's Roots and trends; Paul Theobald, Chicago, 1964
  • Berlin architecture of the 20s; New series of Bauhaus books. Florian Kupferberg, Mainz 1967
November Group (German) Der Ring Modern architecture Integrated Authority File
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