Lullus
Lull OSB (also Lul; * 710 in Wessex, † October 16 786 in Hersfeld ) was the first regular archbishop of Mainz and first abbot of the monastery of Hersfeld.
Life
Lull was born about 710 in Wessex, England. He was a monk in the Benedictine monastery of Malmesbury in Wiltshire. In a pilgrimage 737 he learned in Rome the Benedictine monk Boniface know. Lull supported him as a deacon in the German mission and later continued the reorganization begun by Boniface Church in the Frankish Empire continued.
From 738 to Lull kept on in Fritzlar monastery, which was probably founded around 724 by Boniface. Abbot of the monastery at that time was the, also from England Wigbert. Also in the 726, founded by Bonifatiuskloster Ohrdruf ( Thuringia) Lull lived for some time. To 745/46 Lull is referred to as a deacon at a trip to Rome in 747/48 as archdeacon, and probably consecrated 748-751 of Boniface as a priest. In whose behalf he obtained for Fulda 751 in Rome, Zacharias privilege for the monastery of Fulda. For Mainzer choir bishop Boniface, he was ordained 752 and thus to the designated successor. With his departure for Fries mission Boniface confided to his foundations, in particular the specific to his grave lay monastery of Fulda, the protection of Lull, from which this was derived after the death of Boniface as Bishop of Mainz claims to power, against which Fulda and his abbot Sturmi also Boniface students, relying on the Zacharias privilege vehemently and eventually successfully defended themselves. The Frankish King Pepin confirmed a year later, the consecration of the Lull to the choir Bishop of Mainz and thus the prospective successor, so that the existing from the perspective of Boniface risk of eliminating the Anglo-Saxons had been averted in the mission area by consecration of a Frankish successor initially. After the death of Boniface in 754 Lull was his successor as Bishop of Mainz, but not received the its predecessor personally conferred the rank of archbishop.
Only around 781 Lull received by Pope Hadrian I. The Archbishop's pallium. In the absence of legal regulation of the establishment of a church in Mainz province Lull caused the corruption of the Pope deed that once Boniface had the Archbishop of Cologne, make and Cologne to the Metropolitan seat of Austrasia ecclesiastical province had yet to rise, which was 747 but by the resistance of the Frankish clergy. Now Mainz was used instead of Cologne in the document text, thus creating a church province, Tongeren, Cologne, Worms, Speyer, Utrecht and the missionary Boniface Germania east of the Rhine, in particular Würzburg included. As we were able Lull, to gain recognition for this fake, this ecclesiastical province should be actually come into existence until 799 under his successor Richulf occasion of the visit of Pope Leo III. came to the reorganization of the relations through the establishment of Trier and Cologne as other archdioceses. Previously Lull had the bishopric of Mainz significantly by the incorporation of the dioceses Büraburg increased after the initial failure of the efforts to establish a church in Mainz province ( near Fritzlar ) and Erfurt. From 769 operational Lull the construction of the abbey Hersfeld, he told them to put 775 under the protection of Charlemagne.
Lull died on 16 October 786 in Hersfeld, where he was buried in the monastery church.
Afterlife
On October 28, the new 850, dedicated to the memory of the Holy Wigbert Carolingian columned basilica, actually a Salvator patronage, the monastery of Hersfeld Archbishop of Mainz Rabanus Maurus was ordained. The reburial ( Translatio ) Lull, Wigbert and Witta in the east choir of the Basilica, by a procession and a church ceremony, ( the death of Lully ) probably took place in the same year on October 16. Anyway, it came to this event to a recurring annual church festival, to which many pilgrims made a pilgrimage to the tombs. For this festival, the oldest folk festival in Germany, the Lullusfest, which is celebrated today developed.
The " Vita Lulli ," written by Lampert of Hersfeld ( probably written 1063-1073 ) meant that Lull venerated as a saint and next Wigbert became the main patron of the abbey.
Lull has the merit of having brought the apprehended by Boniface in the Frankish Empire reorganization of the church organization to a conclusion. This primarily involves the Hessian- Thuringian region, the conclusion of the German mission, as it was also begun by Boniface. Lull sought more compensation with the Frankish kings as Boniface, who sought a closer relationship with the papacy in Rome.
Representations
In the painting of a reliquary from the 15th Jahrhundertder the Collegiate Church of Fritzlar it is represented in pontifikaler measurement clothing with the right hand in blessing on the left holding the crozier.
Grave inscription
The grave of Lull has not been preserved over the centuries. In a Fritzlarer cartulary from the 15th century is a traditional grave inscription ( Epithaphium Sanctissimi Lulli Patroni nostri ), which could be contemporary and perhaps even derive from Lull himself ( The I - form, however, is no argument for it ).
The verses include four couplets:
Lul michi nomen erat, famosa Britannia mater, Quae me Romanos Misit adire patres. Post sibi me iunxit doctor Bonifacius Almus, Imposuitque humeris infula sacra most. Et dum martirio caelestes Scandit ad arces, Manensi ecclesiae me iubet eat Patrem. Hic mihi sit requies, Donec vox alma reclament: » Pulvis, qui Dormis, surge iubente deo ."
Lul was my name, in England, the glorious, I was born, Pilgrimage to Rome which sent me to the fathers. Then took Boniface, the holy teacher, me to him, And the bishop's robe he puts ' on my shoulders. As he climbed through the martyrdom of the sky fortress Ward I, as he wished, link the church in Mainz. Rest Here I was granted until the sublime voice is heard: " Dust thou that sleepest, arise, for it is God who is calling you ."
Other verses in three so-called leonine hexameters, ie verses with internal rhymes, from a later period called Lull as helpers of the sick. These verses are for the first time is in the Gesta Regum Anglorum of William of Malmesbury.
Antistes Lull, quo non est sanctior ullus, Pollen divina tribuente Deo medicina, Occurrit morbis, ut totus orbis Predicate.
Bishop Lull: He was unsurpassable in piety, God gave him the grace to practice the divine art of healing, Illness he has remedy for that you may praise him around the world.
Remembrance
On October 16, the day he died.