Macrozamia
Burrawang ( Macrozamia communis)
Macrozamia is a genus of cycads ( Cycadales ). All species are listed on Appendix II of the Washington Convention ( CITES).
Features
The trunk grows underground ( Section Parazamia ), but some species ( section Macrozamia ) form an above-ground, tree-shaped stem, up to 9 m high. Long Stems are more prostrate than erect.
The leaves are simple pinnate and variable in size and color. At necropsy Macrozamia they are up to 3 m long, and are flat or keeled, not rotated. The color ranges from light green to dark green to blue-gray. The leaflets are 3-20 mm wide, flat and rinnig. The leaves of young plants are often designed differently than in adults.
The female cones are in the section Parazamia usually small and individually, great at necropsy Macrozamia and there are up to eight per plant. The color varies to blue-green to depending on the nature of different shades of green. The outward facing side of the sporophylls is armed with an upright, stiff and sharp thorns. In the lower pivot area, the thorns are short or absent, towards the tip they are longer. The sarcotesta the seed is yellow to bright red, but rarely both colors in a sort of before, then on various plants.
The male cones are similar to the female and up to 100 standing at a plant in the section Macrozamia. The color is green or blue-green. They also contribute thorns.
The chromosome number is 2n = 18
Dissemination and locations
The genus is endemic to Australia. Most species occur on the coasts of New South Wales and Queensland, so to the east of the country,. Some species grow in the mountains and plains of the interior, a few also in the southwest of Western Australia.
The locations are varied. They grow at the edge of the rain forest to the arid desert, from sea level to 1500 m. Only a few species, the inland and in Western Australia, growing in open vegetation, the most in the shade. The rainfall and the temperatures at the locations are very different.
The threat of the species is very different. Species with wide distribution are usually not at risk. However, many species have a small area and are sometimes at risk. Your area go often to the agricultural sector lost further losses caused by plant collectors. The Australian Government has classified all species as endangered.
System
The genus was first described in 1842 and, together with the also Australian genus Lepidozamia and African Encephalartos the tribe Encephalarteae within the family Zamiaceae. The genus name is derived from the Greek Macrozamia macros = large and Zamia, a then already known genus. The genus includes 38 species according to Whitelock, more new taxa are to be expected.
Whitelock performs the following modes:
- Macrozamia cardiacensis
- Burrawang ( Macrozamia communis L.A.S. Johnson)
- Macrozamia concinna
- Macrozamia conferta
- Macrozamia cranei
- Macrozamia crassifolia
- Macrozamia diplomera
- Macrozamia douglasii
- Macrozamia dyeri
- Macrozamia elegans
- Macrozamia fawcettii
- Macrozamia fearnsidei
- Macrozamia flexuosa
- Macrozamia fraseri
- Macrozamia glaucophylla
- Macrozamia heteromera
- Macrozamia humilis
- Macrozamia johnsonii
- Macrozamia lomandroides
- Macrozamia longispina
- Macrozamia lucida
- Macrozamia macdonnellii
- Macrozamia montana
- Macrozamia mountperriensis
- Macrozamia occidua
- Macrozamia parcifolia
- Macrozamia platyrachis
- Macrozamia plurinervia
- Macrozamia polymorpha
- Macrozamia reducta
- Macrozamia riedlei ( Fisch. ex Gaudich. ) Gardner
- Macrozamia secunda
- Macrozamia spiralis ( Salisb. ) Miq.
- Macrozamia stenomera
- Macrozamia viridis
Documents
- Loran M. Whitelock: The Cycads. Timber Press, Portland, OR 2002, ISBN 0-88192-522-5, pp. 248 f
- Walter Erhardt, Siegmund Seybold, Nils Boedeker, Erich Goetz: The big walleye. Encyclopedia of plant names. Volume 2: Types and varieties. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7.