Madhuca

Madhuca longifolia in Madhya Pradesh, India

Madhuca is a genus of flowering plants in the family of Sapotengewächse ( Sapotaceae ). The trees have spirally arranged, leathery leaves and form as fruit berries. The natural range is located in Australia, South and Southeast Asia. The flowers at least one kind be eaten or used to make alcoholic beverages.

Description

Madhuca is a genus of trees that contain latex. The leaves are spirally arranged, often forming at the ends of the branches tufts. The stipules are small to very large and covered in most species from early. The leaf blade is slightly leathery to leathery. The flowers grow axillary or sometimes terminal singly or in clusters usually on long pedicles. The most rare four to six sepals are arranged in two whorls. The outer sepals are usually rauhaarig, the inner often membranous and ciliated margins. The corolla is hairy cylindrical and partially. There are usually eight rarely formed from five to 18 Corolla lobe. The stamens grow in one to three whorls are hairy and glabrous or tomentose. Staminodes absent. The ovary is usually hairy fluffy, usually six to achtfächerig and rarely to zwölffächerig. The stylus is subulate and binding. The fruits are spherical to elliptical berries with enlarged, remaining the calyx. The berry one to four seeds are formed.

Dissemination

The natural range is in Australia, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, the Philippines and Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam and China.

System

Madhuca is a genus in the family of Sapotengewächse ( Sapotaceae ). There it is the tribe Sapoteae assigned in the subfamily Sapotoideae. It was described in 1791 by Johann Friedrich Gmelin first scientifically valid. The genus name is derived from the Madhuca ancient Indian Madhu for " honey " or "Met". It thus refers to that produced from the succulent flowers of Madhuca longifolia alcoholic beverage.

The genus includes 115 species, according to Plant List:

Madhuca alpina ( A.Chev. Lecomte ex ) A.Chev.
Madhuca aristulata ( King & Gamble) H.J.Lam
Madhuca aspera H.J.Lam
Madhuca barbata T.D.Penn.
Madhuca bejaudii Aubrév.
Madhuca betis ( Blanco ) J.F.Macbr.
Madhuca boerlageana ( Burck ) Baehni
Madhuca borneensis P.Royen
Madhuca bourdillonii ( Gamble) H.J.Lam
Madhuca brochidodroma T.D.Penn.
Madhuca burckiana ( Coord ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca butyrospermoides A.Chev.
Madhuca calcicola P.Royen
Madhuca cheongiana Yii & P.Chai
Madhuca chia- ananii Chantaranothai
Madhuca chiangmaiensis Chantaranothai
Madhuca clavata Jaya.
Madhuca cochinchinensis (Pierre ex Dubard ) HJLam
Madhuca coriacea ( Merr. ) Merr.
Madhuca costulata (Pierre ex Dubard ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca crassipes (Pierre ex Becc. ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca cuneata ( flower) J.F.Macbr.
Madhuca cuprea ( King & Gamble) H.J.Lam
Madhuca curtisii ( King & Gamble) Ridl.
Madhuca Daemonica ( Van den Assem ) Yii & P.Chai
Madhuca decipiens J.Sinclair
Madhuca diplostemon ( C.B.Clarke ) P.Royen
Madhuca dongnaiensis (Pierre) Baehni
Madhuca dubardii H.J.Lam
Madhuca elliptica (Pierre ex Dubard ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca elmeri Merr. ex H.J.Lam
Madhuca endertii H.J.Lam
Madhuca engkikiana Yii & P.Chai
Madhuca engleri ( Merr. ) Vink
Madhuca erythrophylla ( King & Gamble) H.J.Lam
Madhuca esculenta Fletcher
Madhuca company (Pierre ex Dubard ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca floribunda (Pierre ex Dubard ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca fulva ( Thwaites ) J.F.Macbr.
Madhuca fusca ( Engl ) Forman
Madhuca glabrescens H.J.Lam
Madhuca hainanensis Chun & F.C.How
Madhuca heynei H.J.Lam
Madhuca hirtiflora ( Ridl. ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca insignis ( Radlk. ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca kingiana ( Brace ex King & Gamble) HJLam
Madhuca klackenbergii Chantaranothai
Madhuca kompongsonensis Aubrév.
Madhuca korthalsii (Pierre ex Burck ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca krabiensis ( Aubrév. ) Chantar.
Madhuca kuchingensis Yii & P.Chai
Madhuca kunstleri ( Brace ex King & Gamble) HJLam
Madhuca lanceolata ( Merr. ) Merr.
Madhuca lancifolia ( Burck ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca lanuginosa Ridl.
Madhuca laurifolia ( King & Gamble) H.J.Lam
Madhuca lecomtei ( Aubrév. ) Chantar.
Madhuca leucodermis ( K.Krause ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca ligulata ( H.J.Lam ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca lobbii ( C.B.Clarke ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca longifolia ( L. ex J.König ) J.F.Macbr.
Madhuca longistyla ( King & Gamble) H.J.Lam
Madhuca macrophylla ( Hassk. ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca magnifolia (King ex S.Moore ) S.Moore
Madhuca malaccensis ( C.B.Clarke ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca markleeana Yii & P.Chai
Madhuca microphylla ( Hook. ) Alston
Madhuca mindanaensis ( Merr. ) Merr.
Madhuca mirandae ( Merr. ) Merr.
Madhuca montana P.Royen
Madhuca monticola ( Merr. ) Merr.
Madhuca moonii ( Thwaites ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca motleyana ( de Vriese ) J.F.Macbr.
Madhuca multiflora ( Merr. ) J.F.Macbr.
Madhuca multinervia Yii & P.Chai
Madhuca neriifolia ( Moon ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca oblongifolia ( Merr. ) Merr.
Madhuca obovatifolia ( Merr. ) Merr.
Madhuca obtusifolia ( King & Gamble) P.Royen
Madhuca ochracea Yii & P.Chai
Madhuca orientalis ( Van den Assem ) T.D.Penn.
Madhuca ovata H.J.Lam
Madhuca pachyphylla ( K.Krause ) ined.
Madhuca palembanica ( Miq. ) Forman
Madhuca pallida ( Burck ) Baehni
Madhuca pasquieri ( Dubard ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca penangiana ( King & Gamble) H.J.Lam
Madhuca penicillata ( King & Gamble) H.J.Lam
Madhuca pierrei ( F.N.Williams ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca platyphylla ( Merr. ) Merr.
Madhuca primoplagensis Vink
Madhuca prolixa (Pierre ex Dubard ) Yii & P.Chai
Madhuca pubicalyx Ridl.
Madhuca punctata Fletcher
Madhuca ridleyi H.J.Lam
Madhuca rufa ( King & Gamble) P.Royen
Madhuca sandakanensis P.Royen
Madhuca sarawakensis (Pierre ex Dubard ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca sepilokensis P.Royen
Madhuca sericea ( Miq. ) S.Moore
Madhuca sessiliflora P.Royen
Madhuca sessilis ( King & Gamble) Baehni
Madhuca silamensis Yii & P.Chai
Madhuca smitinandii Chantaranothai
Madhuca spectabilis P.Royen
Madhuca stipulacea Fletcher
Madhuca stylosa H.J.Lam
Madhuca takensis Aubrév.
Madhuca thorelii (Pierre ex Dubard ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca tomentosa H.J.Lam
Madhuca tubulosa H.J.Lam
Madhuca utilis ( Ridl. ) H.J.Lam
Madhuca vulcanica ( Ridl. ) P.Royen
Madhuca vulpina Vink
Madhuca woodii P.Royen

Use

The succulent flowers of Madhuca longifolia be eaten raw or cooked or prepared in India to an alcoholic drink.

Swell

Asterids Ovary (botany)

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