Magnolia kobus
Kobushi magnolia (Magnolia kobus ' Borealis ')
Kobushi Magnolia (Magnolia kobus; jap辛夷Kobushi ) are medium-sized trees with a height up to 24 meters. They are originally from Japan. This species belongs to the genus Magnolia ( Magnoliaceae ).
Description
The Kobushi Magnolia is a deciduous tree, it develops a straight, straight trunk, which is covered by a rough, brown or silver-gray bark. Young twigs are yellow - green and hairy. The buds are covered with yellowish or silver hair.
The leaves are obovate, entire, and ten to twenty inches long. The lower leaf surface is bright, the petiole is hairy. In March-April, before the leaves is the main flowering period of Kobushi Magnolia. From the terminal buds to develop their white inside and outside shimmering pink, fragrant flowers. Each flower consists of nine or twelve narrow tepals, the outer three are greenish and three inches long, the inner reach five to eight inches in length. You only begin to wear on flowers after several years and only reach ten to 30 years, their full wealth of flowers. In the center of the flower are numerous, at the base of pink to violet -colored stamens, and numerous stamps. The resulting cylindrical, five to 13 centimeters long Sammelbalgfrucht is first green and turn brown later. The seeds are surrounded by a red seed coat ( aril ).
The chromosome number is 2n = 38
Dissemination
The Kobushi Magnolia comes from Japan, where it grows in mountain forests on all the main islands except Shikoku. On the belonging to Korea Quelpaert island is common. The distribution area does not overlap with the related star magnolia.
Use
The most important use in Central Europe as ornamental tree. In Japan also, the wood is utilized. There exist some readout varieties and hybrids.
Varieties of Kobushi Magnolia:
- ' Borealis' Group - hardy, fast growing, large plants from the northern part of its range.
- 'Fastigiata' - slightly growing and columnar, in 1925 read in Japan.
- ' Norman Gould ' - polyploid form, flowers larger, thicker petals.
Hybrids with the Kobushi Magnolia:
- M. kobus M. stellata × = × M. loebneri, standing in the properties between the parent species. This crossing is not known in nature, as not to touch the areas of distribution of the two species. The crossing was first made by Max Loebner from Pillnitz and 1920 by Paul Kache as M. × loebneri called. 1923 acquired the nursery Kordes some plants of Loebner, since then numerous other varieties with these parents were produces about ' Leonard Messel ' and ' Merrill '.
- M. kobus × M. salicifolia = M. × kewensis, the hybrids of these closely related species was first discovered in 1938 by accident in Kew Gardens. You will probably also naturally in Japan.
- Achieved M. kobus × M. liliiflora at the Brooklyn Botanical Garden of Evamaria Sperber, triploid hybrids.
Systematics and botanical history
Within the genus Magnolia is the Kobushi Magnolia in the subgenus Yulania, filed there in the section and subsection Yulania. Related species include the Star Magnolia, Magnolia salicifolia and Magnolia Biondii. A separate section for these species ( Buergeria ) is no longer maintained.
The first description was in 1817 by de Candolle under the name kobus because Kaempfer had this (not quite correctly ) specified as the Japanese name of this tree. Specimens from the north of its range have been described borealis Sargent as a variety, but the features described by him are not attributable to a particular population, there is a smooth transition. The term is, however, to find occasionally in nurseries, since these plants (better than variety group ' Borealis ' hereinafter) are characterized by stronger growth. The Star Magnolia is sometimes regarded as a variety of Kobushi magnolia (Magnolia stellata var kobus ).