Manueline

Manueline (also Emanuelstil, Manueline style or Emanuelismus called ) is an ornate architectural style, which occurred only in the Kingdom of Portugal in the early 16th century. Named the Manueline is after King Manuel I (reigned 1495-1521 ), who during a period of high prosperity in power.

Stilkundliche classification

The Manueline is the earliest Portuguese colonial style, and can be considered a special form of the Late Gothic are considered, which has been extended to include Spanish, Italian, Flemish style elements as well as maritime ornaments (such as ships' ropes ). She was inspired by the travels of Vasco da Gama and Pedro Álvares Cabral, whose discoveries and conquests Portugal at that time bestowed a special richness. Thus, the style is similar in nature other mannerist styles of the late Gothic -style (like Flamboyant in France and England).

The Manueline style living in the ornaments of the Portuguese, Spanish, Mexican and colonial Indian art as that which he has influenced.

The concept of style manuelino was introduced by the historian Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen in his writing Notícia Histórica e descriptiva do Mosteiro de Belém in 1842.

Representatives and buildings

Important representatives of this style were João de Castilho, Diogo and Boitaca, which are famous for the Monastery of Jeronimos Monastery square, and Diogo de Arruda and Francisco, who designed the Torre de Belém in Lisbon.

Much of the Manueline buildings were destroyed in the great earthquake of Lisbon in 1755. An important buildings in the Manueline style were preserved the Mosteiro de Santa Maria da Vitória in Batalha and the chapter house of the monastery of Christ in Tomar. The windows of this room are decorated externally rich with plastic, braided rope and sail factory and nature motifs. Another very characteristic motif of Manueline is the armillary sphere, a navigational instrument that can be found in multiple modifications to almost all buildings. The lush maritime symbolism proliferates on walls, portals and windows, decorated monasteries, churches and palaces and entwines even at high Schandpfählen.

Chance to early representatives have received in the former colonial areas in Portugal, such as the Capela de Nossa Senhora do Baluarte on the island of Mozambique ( Ilha de Moçambique, 1522 built ), and the churches of São Francisco and the Priorado do Rosário in Goa ( now a World Heritage Site) as well as on Madeira Island with the Cathedral Sé de Funchal and the Azores with the Igreja Matriz de São Sebastião.

In painting the unnamed masters of Sardoal is considered a representative of the Manueline style.

The cloister of the Mosteiro dos Jerónimos

Vault of the main chapel of the Mosteiro dos Jerónimos

The Torre de Belém

The Unfinished Chapel of the Monastery of Batalha (detail)