Marcel Cohen
Marcel Cohen ( born February 6, 1884 in Paris, † November 5, 1974 in Cugand, Vendée) was a French linguist, Äthiopist, semitist, Amharist and Romanist.
- 2.1 Semitic and General
- 2.2 Romance
Life and work
The university teachers
Cohen was a pupil at the Lycée Condorcet. He studied with Mario Roques and Antoine Meillet at the École pratique des hautes études, with Casimir Mondon - Vidailhet (1847-1910) at the École des langues orientales and consisted 1908 Agrégation de grammaire. After 1909, he went to Ethiopia to 1911 and collected material for his Semitic Research. Then he taught (as successor of his teacher ) in the capacity of Chargé de cours at the École nationale des langues orientales. In World War I he was wounded. From 1919 he was Directeur d' études (Professor ) for the Ethiopian at the École pratique des hautes études. He habilitated in 1924 in Paris with the two theses Le Système verbal sémitique et l' expression du temps (Paris 1924) and couplets amhariques you Choa (Paris 1924) and became a professor at the Ecole des langues orientales and for descriptive linguistics at the Sorbonne. Cohen taught the Amharic language and Ge'ez. His students included Wolf Leslau.
Political commitment
Cohen was in the thirties of the founders of the French higher education and the labor union high school. He was involved as anti-fascists against the Italian occupation of Ethiopia ( Italian- Ethiopian War ( 1935-1936 ) ). In 1941 he went because of his Jewish descent into the underground and was in the liberation of Paris, the staff of Henri Rol - Tanguy on.
The Romanist
Cohen published in 1947 a sociologically oriented history of the French language on the use of the Passé renounced for the sake of the common touch simple: Histoire d'une langue, le français. Des origines à nos jours lointaines ( Paris 1947, 4th edition 1973, 1987).
During the communist newspaper L' Humanité, he wrote a regular language Gloss to French, collected in the volumes: Regards sur la langue française ( 1950); Nouveaux regards sur la langue française (1963 ); Encore des regards sur la langue française (1966 ); Toujours des regards sur la langue française (1970); Une fois de plus des regards sur la langue française (1972).
With Maurice Davau and Maurice Lallemand he gave an innovative dictionary out: Dictionnaire du français vivant (Paris 1972, 1975, 1979).
Honors
Cohen was honorary doctorates from the universities of Warsaw, Manchester and Prague.
Other works
Semitic and General
- Le parler arabe des juifs d' Alger, Paris 1912 (559 pp. )
- Rapport sur une mission linguistique en Abyssinia (1910-1911), Paris 1912
- (Ed. with Antoine Meillet ) Les langues du monde, Paris 1924, 1952, 1981, 2000
- Instructions d' enquête linguistique. Instructions pour les voyageurs, Paris 1928, 1950, 1952
- Etudes d' éthiopien méridional. Paris 1931
- Documents sudarabiques s autocopie, Paris 1934
- Traité de langue amharique. Abyssinia, Paris 1936, 1970, 1995
- Nouvelles d' études éthiopien méridional, Paris 1939
- Essai sur le comparatif vocabulaire et la phonétique you chamito - sémitique, Paris 1947, 1969
- Linguistique et matérialisme dialectique [ Conférence prononcée le 7 avril 1948 à la Sorbonne ], Gap 1948
- Pour le de l' enseignement renouveau, Gap 1949
- Le Langage. Structure et évolution, Paris 1950
- L' écriture, Paris 1953; La Grande Invention de l' écriture et son évolution, 2 vols, Paris 1958; ( with Jérôme Peignot ) Histoire et art de l' ecriture, Paris 2005 ( Bouquins )
- Pour une sociologie du langage, Paris 1956; Matériaux pour une sociologie du langage, 2 vols, Paris 1971, 1978 ( Spanish 1974)
Romance languages and literature
- Le Français en 1700 d'après le témoignage de Gile Vaudelin, Paris 1946
- Grammaire française en quelques pages, Paris 1948, 1964
- Grammaire et style from 1450 to 1950. Cinq cents ans de phrase française, Paris 1954
- Notes de méthode pour l' histoire du français, Moscow 1958
- Le Subjonctif en français contemporain. Tableau documentaire, Paris 1965