Marcos Pérez Jiménez
Marcos Pérez Jiménez ( born April 25, 1914 in Michelena, Táchira, Venezuela; † 20 September 2001 in Madrid, Spain) was a military and politician and from 1952 to 1958 the 42nd President of Venezuela.
During his tenure, many investments were made, Pérez Jiménez was also a cruel dictator who ran many torture centers. In 1958 he went into exile to the United States, but was delivered in August 1963 after Venezuela. After serving a five- year sentence he was then in 1968 in Madrid down.
Life
Born in Michelena Táchira, the son of a farmer and a teacher, Pérez Jiménez was in his hometown and in Colombia to school. He attended the Military Academy of Venezuela, where he graduated in 1934 as class leader before he attended various military schools in Peru.
In 1945 he took part in a coup in which the "democratic" government of Rómulo Gallegos ( Acción Democrática ) could take power, and became minister of defense. In 1948, he led then to a second coup to oust Gallegos back from office. From 1948 to 1952, the country was of a military junta ( including Pérez Jiménez and Germán Suárez Flamerich ) governed under Lieutenant Colonel Carlos Delgado Chalbaud. As Delgado Chalbaud was assassinated on November 13, 1950, Suárez Flamerich was interim president while Pérez Jiménez the real strong man remained.
1952 held the junta elections. However, when it became a victory for the opposition, the choice was quickly invalidated and Pérez Jiménez was proclaimed president.
Pérez Jiménez changed the country's name from United States of Venezuela ( since 1864) to the Republic of Venezuela. 1999 changed the Constituent Assembly the name again. He is now the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, original: República Bolivariana de Venezuela.
During his tenure, many public investments were made, such as the construction of the highway from Caracas to La Guaira, the center of Simón Bolívar and the iron and steel works on the Orinoco.
Like most dictators, Pérez Jiménez had ruthlessly suppress the opposition and critical voices in the population and track. He was so effective in the pursuit of Communists, he was awarded the Legion of Merit by Eisenhower Medal.
A popular election in December 1957 won Pérez Jiménez by a large majority, the result can be questioned.
In January 1958, in Venezuela uprisings, the Pérez Jiménez finally persuaded to flee to the U.S., where he lived until 1963. He was later extradited to the Venezuelan judiciary, which accused him of corruption and theft of $ 200 million during his reign. After five years in prison, he was released. He went into exile in Spain. When Hugo Chávez was elected in 1998, he invited Marcos Pérez Jiménez to the celebrations taking office one, but Pérez Jiménez was not on the invitation because of numerous protests in Venezuela. He died at the age of 87 years in Madrid.