Maria Clementina Sobieska
Maria Clementina Sobieska (Polish Maria Klementyna Sobieska; born July 18, 1702 Ohlau, Principality Ohlau, Kingdom of Bohemia, Holy Roman Empire, † January 18, 1735 in Rome, Papal States ) was a Polish princess from the noble family of Sobieski and by marriage Titularkönigin of Great Britain, Ireland and France.
Life
Maria Clementina was the fourth daughter of Crown Prince James Louis Henry Sobieski (1667-1737) and his wife Princess Hedwig Elisabeth Amelia of Neuburg (1673-1722), a daughter of the Elector Philipp Wilhelm of the Palatinate. My paternal grandfather was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, Johann III. Sobieski. Maria Clementina was born in Ohlau, the Emperor Leopold I. had pledged as mortgage from 1691 to 1737 to her father. As a godfather for the little princess acted Pope Clement XI.
On September 3, 1719 Maria Clementina Sobieska married in the Cathedral of Santa Margherita in Montefiascone James Francis Edward Stuart ( 1688-1766 ), called the Old Pretender, the British ( English and Scottish ) pretender to the throne and eldest son of King James II and his second wife Princess Maria Beatrice of Modena D'Este. From the marriage with Maria Cementinas Stuart had two sons:
- Charles Edward Louis Philip Casimir Stuart (1720-1788), known as Bonnie Prince Charlie, ∞ 1772 in Paris, Princess Louise of Stolberg- Gedern ( 1752-1824 ),
- Henry Benedict Maria Clement Stuart (1725-1807), Cardinal and Bishop of Frascati and 1803-1807 Cardinal Bishop of Ostia.
Previously, the British government, which was not agreeable to this marriage for political reasons, tried by all possible means, this connection to thwart. Even the Roman- German Emperor Charles VI. , Joined the family ties with the family Sobieski, was involved in the intrigues. Since Austria with Britain maintained friendly relations, the emperor could not resist the desire of the allies and offered the Sobieski family a generous annual pension to when the British pretender to the throne take from a marriage of their daughter distance and burst the planned wedding could be. As the family Sobieski her daughter's happiness, however, was more important than the offered sum of money, on the other hand, had to assume that it would never accept the emperor well that his offer is turned down, her daughter out of the country decided the mother of the princess, to bring and to escort of Silesia, where the family of Sobieski was well off to Italy, where she was to meet with her husband. Hardly traveling, this plan has already been betrayed. Immediately was the command of the Emperor to the government in Innsbruck, mother and daughter hold on their way to Italy. Only by a ruse succeeded the marriage willing to escape the pursuers, so finally in Italy was opposed to the marriage of the couple no longer an obstacle.
After marriage they lived in Rome. My godfather, Pope Clement XI. gave them the Palazzo Muti (now Palazzo Balestra ) and a villa at Albano, and a yearly appanage from the papal treasury of 12,000 crowns. After the birth of her second child ( 1725) Maria Clementina left her husband, adultery, and went to the monastery of St. Cecilia in Rome. It took at least two years before she returned to her family. A short time later, her spirit and health deteriorated rapidly. She died on January 18, 1735 at the Palazzo Muti. On the orders of Pope Clement XII. was she received a state funeral. Their remains were interred in St. Peter's Basilica.
Dead leaf
Tomb in St. Peter's Basilica
Others
- Her husband was in 1701 in France as James III. proclaimed the rightful king of England. However, only France, Modena, Spain, Savoy and the Pope acknowledged the proclamation.
- 1742 created by the Italian baroque sculptor Filippo and Pietro Bracci Barigioni a tomb for the Catholic exile - Queen Maria Clementina.
- How've on their journey through the Tyrol to the Polish princess, the arts and cultural historian Dr. David Schoenherr has described in a 1876 held in the auditorium of the University of Innsbruck popular science lecture.