Maroilles (Nord)
Maroilles is a commune with 1442 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2011 ) in the department of Nord, in the Nord -Pas -de -Calais.
She has also lent its name to the well-known cheese maroilles.
- 2.1 Historical forms of the name
Geography
Geographical location
The village maroilles is located in the Regional Natural Park Avesnois, ie it borders on the Aisne, where the limit for thiérache passes within a few kilometers. Before the conquests of Louis XIV ran between the present-day departments of the boundary of the old France ( Ancienne France ). This explains, despite the similarities between thiérache and Aisne on the one hand and North on the other hand, that the unity of this region up to the present gives rise to discussions. By maroilles the helpe miners, which rises in Ohain in the forest of Trelon and further south leads into the Sambre flows.
Neighboring communities
To the church maroilles border in the North no places in the northeast Noyelles -sur -Sambre, east Taisnières -en- Thiérache, in the southeast Grand- Fayt, the south Prisches, southwest Le Favril, in the west Landrecies and to the northwest Locquignol to.
History
- 652: Old chronicles According founded the Frankish monk St. Humbert of maroilles, a friend of Aldegundis, in the year 652 one of the most important abbeys of the North ( it was plundered during the French Revolution and destroyed)
- 843: The Treaty of Verdun, where the Carolingian Empire among the three grandsons of Charlemagne was divided, said Lothar I, the " Middle Kingdom ", including village and abbey as part of the county Hainaut.
- 855: With the Prüm division that divided the Middle Kingdom under the three sons Lothar, the county Hainaut Lotharingen was incorporated and inherited by Lothair II.
- 870: After the death of Lothair II was due to the Treaty of Meerssen fell a part Lotharingens, including the County of Hainaut, of the West Frankish kingdom.
- 880: As a result of the Treaty of Ribemont was Hainaut part of Ostfrankenreiches, from the 962, the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation was born.
- In this border region, the rural population has received only very slowly following the general development of the country since the high Middle Ages. (. The main part of the village still seemed to be in the 40s almost in the forest Mormal formally to hide ) This one was exempt from many traditional easements against the feudal lords, could order his own country, keep livestock and leaving the obligatory crop rotation in mind: so was the time the typical " bocage " landscape Avesnois, characterized by high hedges that prevented potential intruders.
- In the local archives is reported of repeated disputes with the Abbey of maroilles, which was destroyed during the Revolution, the peasants refused to pay their drudgery when the "High Lord" - the abbot of Aroilles - not previously repaired his ways would set. Neither mill and oven still the dutiful Dreifelderwirtschaft existed then.
- These local features of the region are particularly clearly when you leave maroilles towards Cambrai: a densely vegetated Bocagelandschaft changes quite abruptly, with the pastures and the intensively used agricultural areas of the Cambrésis from.
- 1907 - ( 47 km via Landrecies ) opened Solesmes On October 28, 1907, the railway line Avesnes- sur- Helpe was. With a station in maroilles a regular travel service was established. In August 1914 the passenger traffic was interrupted. During the German occupation in 1916, the tracks were dismantled. The operation could not be resumed.
Historical forms of the name
Until the mid-18th century existed Maroelles (eg in the Atlas de Trudaine ).
Heraldry
The coat of arms of maroilles is designed as follows heraldic: " red -embroidered deer over a golden crosier on a silver background. "
Personalities
- Louis BOEZ, French physician and bacteriologist, born in maroilles on February 8, 1888