Martial Caillebotte

Martial Caillebotte ( born April 7, 1853 in Paris, † January 16, 1910 ) was a French composer, pianist, philatelist and photographer. He studied music at the Paris Conservatory and composed several pieces for piano, some orchestral works and songs. Of these compositions he published in his lifetime only a few works. Only some of his organ pieces came public performance. Together with his older brother Gustave Caillebotte he carried a significant stamp collection together. The Philatelic Congress of Great Britain lists the two brothers are among the 42 people, which are called by this organization as fathers of philately. Martial Caillebotte joined with his brother Gustave a close relationship. After his death, he negotiated as his executors with the French government about the foundation of the collection of paintings of his brother, who today is a core part of the Musée d' Orsay. The photographic work of Martial Caillebotte was more than 100 years of almost unnoticed before it became known to a wider public in exhibitions in France and Canada 2011 /2012.

Life

Martial Caillebotte came from a wealthy family. His father, who was also called Martial, was married three times. From the first marriage to Adèle Zoé comes Boissiere, born 1834 son Alfred, who was ordained a priest in 1858. Born 1830 daughter Léonie died in 1836, the mother survived the child only a few days. Then the father married in 1843 Stéphanie Lemasquerie. A year later, their son Max to the world, who died as the mother shortly after birth. The third marriage was the father in 1847 with a Daufresne Céleste. From this union three sons were born: Gustave Caillebotte, who later became famous painter, was born in 1848, followed by René in 1851 and finally, the third son Martial Caillebotte, who was born on April 7, 1853. His mother was 34 at birth, the father was 54 years old.

The assets had earned the father in the family's textile company, which supplied the army with clothes. He also had larger landed property in Paris. The family first lived in the Rue du Faubourg -Saint -Denis before the father had built a luxurious town house in the Rue Mirosmesnil # 77 from 1866. In addition, the family owned a large estate in Yerres. In addition to his entrepreneurial activities of Father Judge was since 1861 also at the Commercial Court (Tribunal de Commerce de la Seine). Martial and his brothers were financially backed by the family patrimony and not forced to earn their own living. His brother Gustave first studied law, but was then trained as a painter. Gustave portrayed his brother Martial in the paintings Young man at the piano (1876 ), The Orange Trees ( 1878), Card-player and Bezique The game (both 1880). About a possible occupation of his brother René is not known. Only the half-brother Alfred practiced as a priest permanently from a profession.

Financially independent, Martial Caillebotte developed very different interests in the course of his life. He first studied at the Conservatoire de Musique de Paris, Antoine François Marmontel in piano and harmony with Théodore Dubois. He graduated in 1874 and was awarded the 2nd prize of the Conservatory of harmony. In the following years he composed several pieces for piano, some orchestral works and songs. Most of his works remained unpublished and were not listed. Among the works that came public performance, include some of his organ works that he wrote specifically for the parish church of Notre -Dame-de -Lorette, where his half-brother Alfred worked as a pastor. His daughter described his music as a Wagnerian, so written in the style of Richard Wagner.

Within a few years, several close family members died. After the death of his father in 1874, died in 1876 his brother René, followed by the mother in 1878. The two surviving brothers Gustave and Martial Caillebotte joined the following year a very close relationship and they developed some shared interests. 1876 ​​both brothers were members of the sailing club Cercle de Voile de Paris in Argenteuil and took part in the subsequent period at various regattas. Also since 1876, the two brothers began together with the construction of a significant stamp collection. Your collection area included all the stamps of the world from 1840 to 1880. 1887 the brothers sold this collection to the philatelists Tapling Thomas, who later donated with another stamp collections of the Library of the British Museum in London. The Philatelic Congress of Great Britain signed in 1921 Gustave Caillebotte and Martial recording from the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in. They are there to the 42 people, which are called fathers of philately ( Fathers of Philately ). Martial collector passion was next to stamps also also faience.

After her mother's death and Martial Caillebotte Gustave sold the villa in Yerres and the parents' house in the Rue Mirosmesnil and moved into an apartment on Boulevard Haussmann No. 31, where they lived together until 1887 from 1879. 1881, the brothers bought a house together in Petit Gennevilliers on the Seine. The opposite Argenteuil was at this time a center of sailing and the Caillebotte brothers were able to pursue their pastime in the summer months. 1887 married Martial Caillebotte, Paris Marie Minoret. The wedding ceremony took before half brother Alfred. The couple went to live in the Rue Scribe in Paris and Martial sold his shares in the House at Petit Gennevilliers to his brother. From the marriage of Martial Caillebotte and Marie had two children: 1888 was the son of Jean and 1890, the daughter Geneviève to the world. The painter Pierre- Auguste Renoir portrayed the two children in 1895 in an oil painting. In July 1886 traveled Martial Caillebotte and a friend of Renoir him to Germany, where they visited the Richard Wagner Festival in Bayreuth and museums in Dresden.

After the death of his brother Gustave Caillebotte 1894 took Martial along with Renoir negotiating the donation of the collection of paintings of his brother to the French State. Gustave Caillebotte had in his will that his collection of works of his Impressionist friends ( including Édouard Manet's The Balcony and Renoir Bal du moulin de la Galette ) should go to the state. This was after lengthy negotiations, but only willing to accept a part of this collection. Today, the Foundation Caillebotte belongs to the inventory of the Musée d' Orsay. Gustave Caillebotte had none of his own works provided for this donation, so that his brother Martial virtually inherited the complete works of his brother. With the donation of Martial Caillebotte left two works of his brother ( Snow covered rooftops and Les Raboteurs de parquet ) is also the state, the rest went later after their son Jean died already as a young man, to the daughter Geneviève, whose descendants until now a large body have the works by Caillebotte.

Hidden from the public long remained Martial Caillebotte's work as a photographer. It was only on the occasion of his 100th death anniversary the Musée National de Beaux- Arts du Québec and the Musée Jacquemart -André in Paris 2011/2012 showed an exhibition of his photos and put them over paintings by Gustave Caillebotte. Under the title Dans l' intimité des frères Caillebotte, visitors could see for the first time 150 photographs of Martial Caillebotte. Although most of the photos were taken only after the death of Gustave, they often show related topics. It is possible that Martial had been inspired by the images of his brother. In addition to family members and friends, he photographed interiors, city views and garden images.

Musical works

• L' Enfant prodigue - episode biblique, text by Paul -Armand Silvestre, published by Georges Hartmann, Paris 1883
• Ecce Quam Bonum, Psaume CXXXII, Mass for soloists, chorus and orchestra, dedicated to his brother Abbé Alfred Caillebotte, published by Georges Hartmann, Paris 1887
• Airs de Ballets, five pieces for piano, published by Georges Hartmann, Paris 1887
• Roncevaux - drame symphonique, text by Édouard Blau, text published by Chaix, Paris 1891
• Valse pour le piano, published by E. & A. Girod, Paris 1878.
• Don Paez - poème dramatique, after Contes d'Espagne et d'Italie by Alfred de Musset
• Mon âme à son secret, lyrics by Félix Arvers
• Le Nuage, text by Théophile Gautier
• Mignonne allons voir si la rose, text by Pierre de Ronsard
• Chanson, words by Olivier Basselin

Discography

• Musique de Martial Caillebotte, interpreted by Mario Hacquard (vocals), Claude Collet and Pascal Dessein (piano), Hybrid'music 2011. Included are the pieces Air de ballet n ° 2, Mon âme à son secret, Le Nuage, Mignonne allons voir si la rose and chanson.