Maujahn Moor
53.09416666666711.043055555556Koordinaten: 53 ° 5 ' 39 " N, 11 ° 2' 35" E
The Maujahn ( colloquially Maujahnskuhle ) is a kettle bog, which was formed in a terrain mold. The 37.0 ha large and since 1988 a nature reserve is located about two kilometers west of the city of Dannenberg between the villages Thunpadel and Schmarsau in the northeastern Lower Saxony.
Location
Within the natural region of Lüneburg Heath, the Moor is located at the extreme eastern edge, the landscape area " Niederer Drawehn " in the transition to natural space Wendland and Altmark. ( Culture of Spatially Drawehn is mostly counted for Wendland. ) From the Atlantean Great climate of Lower Saxony Maujahn is by the location on the eastern slope of the saaleglazialen " Osthannoverschen terminal moraine " ( Goehrde - Drawehn - ridge ) shaded and therefore clearly influenced subcontinental. The bog surface is situated at 25 meters sea level, the surrounding hills directly Geest reach heights of over 50 meters above sea level. The most prominent point in the High Drawehn - the High Mechtin at 142 meters above sea level - is located ten kilometers from the Maujahn.
Description
The terrain mold was formed about 7000 ( according to other sources before 14,000 ) years as an effect of the collapse of a abgelaugten by Grundwassersubrosion salt dome in the background - just like the Bullenkuhle in Gifhorn. Thanks moorstratigraphischer investigations ( read man, 1969), we know that initially developed on the valley floor a fraction forest with a Torfmoosdecke. About 500 years ago, there was apparently a renewed collapse, as a result formed two larger Erdfalltrichter. These were filled with water, the Torfmoosdecke swam on and covered the surface of the lake. Today this sustainable, closed quaking peat layer has a thickness from 2.5 to 4 meters. Among them is located in the eastern funnel an up to 16 meters deep water or Muddekörper. Also aboveground shows the terrain, the striking relief of a sinkhole: The eastern bog hopper is a semicircle of up to 15 meters towering, edged wooded with oaks and pines steep slopes.
The roundish - oval, more or less treeless moorland of Osttrichters measures about two acres and is classified as a " living", so growing transitional moor. It has a high typical bog vegetation: In addition to various peat mosses determine cotton grasses ( Schei Diges and Rosebay cotton grass ) the aspect; Another characteristic plant species are ordinary cranberry, bog rosemary, bell and heather, various sedges, White beak-sedge ( Rhynchospora alba ) and as rare flowers bulrush ( Scheuchzeria palustris).
An edge marsh has formed at the periphery, which is dominated by gray willow and alder thickets and marsh - birches. Selectively found there also bogbean and Marsh Calla in the understory. The western part of the waterlogged area consists mainly of birch and alder carr ( fen ) with reedbed and tall herb communities. Information on the fauna of the area can be found in the publication by Timm (1983).
Today, only a few feet high arching of the bog body - different than usual at intermediate or transitional bogs - quasi considered climax. Another development to a "real " high moor with a strongly arched bog body that is free from the influence of mineral soil water throughout and fed only by rain water is not expected. This is in addition to orographic conditions, particularly the boiler able to justify with the regionally very low annual precipitation sum of significantly less than 600 millimeters per year. Thus, the area differs significantly from the Atlantic and sub-Atlantic raised bogs in the western and central Lower Saxony.
For the derivation of the name " the Maujahn " No information is available. A word of Slavic origin can be assumed (see: Drawehn ).
Threats and conservation
Like the majority of the few remaining high and intermediate bogs in northern Germany this is also threatened by drainage and nutrient inputs.
After the Second World War, a drainage of the marshes had been tried for the purpose of Abtorfung; because of terrain conditions but this did not succeed completely. Subsequently, however, the area is forested, which led to a curbing of highly specialized wetland flora and fauna. 1989 was caused by the local nature conservation management, the precipitation of 3,000 trees to open the moor again and revitalize. In addition, four dams were installed in the basin draining ditch. But could be completely inhibited the water flow in the direction of " Prisserscher Bach" by far not. This and the regional already low annual precipitation (eg, 2003: 435 mm / a in Lüchow ) endanger the quality of valuable biotopes. Due to temporary dehydration of the bog surface mineralization of the peat body and the growth of woody plants ( bog birch, alder, pine, willow ) is favored. The multi-annual rhythm therefore care operations will take place to remove trees emerging from the bog surface.
Also the diffuse inputs of nutrients from agriculture ( drift ) and air pollution (deposition and mobilization of nitrogen) is to be deplored, as everywhere in Central Europe. This leads to an unnatural Aufdüngung of actually oligotrophic to mesotrophic bog and also changed the vegetation composition.
- Visitors should note the barring especially for very sensitive quaking bog surface. The vegetation is very sensitive occurs; there is also locally risk of burglary.
Because of its uniqueness as a regional landscape and biotope Geotop and its importance as a habitat for many rare plant and animal species stenöker is the Maujahn since 1988 under Nature Conservation ( NSG area: 37 hectares). The area in 2008 was also reported as a conservation area in the European reserve concept of " Natura 2000 ".
The legend of the Maujahn
To the origin of Maujahn grown up independently of scientific knowledge and of course legends. The Maujahn saga circulating for generations in different versions. Here is a handwritten note is played. It comes from "Miss tempest ", a teacher at the Dannenberg primary school ( around 1970 ).