Mirka-class frigate
Project - 35M frigate in 1986
Use: 1,140 t
- 2 × D3E turbines
- 2 x 61V 3 diesel engines
61V -3: 2 x 6,000 hp ( 4,413 kW)
Project 35, designated by NATO as the Mirka class was a class of frigates, which was developed in the Soviet Union for the Soviet Navy. Main tasks of the ships of Project 35 was to search and combating enemy submarines.
- 3.1 Project 35M - Mirka II
- 4.1 SKR -7
- 4.2 SKR -20
- 4.3 SKR -32
- 4.4 SKR -39
- 4.5 SKR -86
- 4.6 SKR -49
- 4.7 SKR -53
- 4.8 SKR -24
- 4.9 SKR -84
- 4:10 SKR -48
- 4:11 SKR -12
- 4:12 SKR -35
- 4:13 SKR -19
- 4:14 SKR -6
- 4:15 SKR -13
- 4:16 SKR -83
- 4:17 SKR -117
- 4:18 SKR -90
- 5.1 Remarks
- 5.2 Notes and references
- 5.3 Literature
- 5.4 External links
History
Project 35 was established in 1957 on the basis of frigates of the project 159 (NATO Petya class) developed. Both types of ships carrying a similar armament, but a change in equipment and sensors were built about the same period to various Soviet shipyards. The unusual drive concept, an essential feature of the project was 35, but by the Corvettes of the project 204 (NATO: Poti - class) adopted because you hoped to achieve up to 40 knots speed.
Technology
Drive
The drive system consisted of a kind CODAG system ( combined diesel and gas ) [A 1], with one 61V -3 diesel engine driving one of the two shafts with 6,000 hp. For high performance two D3E gas turbines could be connected with each 18,000 hp.
The two propellers at Project 35 were not free but were mounted in a several -meter-long tunnel beneath the stern. It was hoped thus to reduce the water resistance of the propeller, though they were not used to support and drive the ships through the turbine.
The turbines were erected in an unconventional way. While the diesel engines classical stood amidships in the engine room inside the fuselage, with a nachgelagertem transmission, which transferred its power to the waves, the turbines stood in the stern directly at the stern above the propeller. Two large air intake for air were placed on the weather deck above the turbines. The turbines could their force is not transmitted to the shaft and propeller, but produced a stream of air moving in on the principle of a jet aircraft, the ships forward. Pressed to the turbines from the air orifices, which were above the propellers in the tunnel beneath the hull.
The ships never reached their predicted speed of 40 knots, the measured peak velocities at maximum engine power does not exceed the threshold of 35 knots.
Hull
Project 35 had no bilge keel, but was to stabilize the hull against the impact of waves and wind equipped with fin stabilizers. The stabilizers were controlled via a mechanism that was installed at the height of the mast in the fuselage.
Arming
The ships were carrying a quintuple torpedo tube set in the caliber of 40 cm and four twelve specialist ASW rocket launcher system RBU - 6000. The torpedo tube set was mounted amidships behind the main mast to the longitudinal axis of the vessels and could be swiveled to both sides of the ship.
The RBU -6000 launchers were next to each other on the foredeck mounted on the bridge superstructure and on the aft ship in pairs.
The ship's artillery consisted of two 76-mm-L/59-Türmen AK -726 with twin guns. A tower stood on the back before the bridge, another on the aft ship.
In addition, the ships could up to 96 RGB -60 depth charges on board and use.
Sensors and fire control system
In order to fulfill its role as anti-submarine ship, was Project 35, based on the dimensions of the hull, equipped with a large sonar system below the hull. During the keel of the ship was only about three feet below the water surface, the sonar cultivation increased below the hull of the draft to 5.84 meters. The cultivation, installed approximately at the level of the bridge was shaped so that it offered a very low water resistance. It included the sensors of the sonar MG -312 "Titan" (NATO: " Bull Nose " ) and MG -111 " Wychegda " (NATO: "Wolf Paw ").
To search by air and surface contacts 35 project was a " Fut -N " radar on the top of the main mast. The system, referred to by NATO as the "Slim Net", worked in the S-band, was developed in 1957 and was able to locate aircraft at up to 150 kilometers away.
For fire control system of the two turrets, a single " Fut -B" was radar sensor mounted on the roof of the bridge. Called by NATO " Hawk - Sreech " the system worked in the X-band and was stored in a fully stabilized so that it remained focused regardless of the sea state on the target.
Versions
Project 35M - Mirka II
Project 35M was the name for a modernization measure, in the eight ships of the project 35-1978, a second 400 -mm torpedo tube set between bridge and main mast was erected and a Bizan -4B - ESM system (NATO: Watch Dog B) on the mast been installed. The sonar was on the " Platina " MG -335 (NATO: " Bullhorn " ) changed. The two RBU -6000 launchers on the stern were dismantled.
Ships of the project 35
It 18 ships of the project by 35 yard number 820 in Kaliningrad were built. They wore usually no names, but tactical numbers, combined with the abbreviation Russian " СКР " ( German: " SKR " ) for Russian " сторожевые корабли " what " patrol boat" means in German language.
SKR -7
The ship was placed on 820 yard on January 7, 1961 Kiel and launched on December 25, 1961 from the stack. It did his service in the Baltic Fleet. On October 1, 1987, was removed from service and scrapped later.
SKR -20
The ship was laid on January 26, 1961 at 820 yard on Kiel and launched on March 23, 1962 from the stack. It did his service in the Baltic Fleet. In 1989 it was placed out of service and scrapped.
SKR -32
The ship was laid on March 21, 1961 at 820 yard on Kiel and ran on 15 May 1962 when the stack. It did his service in the Baltic Fleet. On was decommissioned in 1989 and scrapped in 1990 in Sweden.
SKR -39
The ship was laid on 26 May 1961 by yard 820 to Kiel and launched on June 23, 1962 from the stack. It did his service in the Baltic Fleet. In October 1974, was mothballed in 1990 and released for scrapping. In 1991, however, declined in the port as water penetrated into the ship due to defective fasteners. It was later raised and scrapped.
SKR -86
The ship was laid on August 10, 1961 at 820 yard on Kiel and ran August 31, 1962 on the stack. It was part of the Baltic Fleet. In 1990 it was placed out of service and scrapped.
SKR -49
The ship was laid on October 17, 1961 at 820 yard on Kiel and launched on June 15, 1962 from the stack. It did his service in the Baltic Fleet and was from 1968 the name "Ivan Sladkow ". 1974 was decommissioned, mothballed first and later scrapped.
SKR -53
The ship was laid on November 30, 1961 at 820 yard on Kiel and launched on December 10, 1962 from the stack. 1965, it was relocated to the Black Sea Fleet. On April 19, 1990, it was decommissioned and scrapped in 1991.
SKR -24
The ship was laid on 14 March 1962 with 820 yard on Kiel and ran on 10 February 1963 by the stack. It did his service in the Baltic Fleet. 1985 was decommissioned, in 1991 capsized at anchor and was eventually raised and scrapped.
SKR -84
The ship was laid on May 17, 1962 with 820 yard on Kiel and launched on April 10, 1963 from the stack. It did his service from 1966 in the Black Sea Fleet. In 1992 it was placed out of service and scrapped.
SKR -48
The ship was laid on June 28, 1962 with 820 yard on Kiel and ran on 21 June 1963 by the stack. It did his service from 1966 in the Black Sea Fleet. On April 19, 1990, it was placed out of service and scrapped.
SKR -12
The ship was on November 12, 1962 set at 820 yard on Kiel and ran on 18 May 1963 from the stack. It did his service in the Baltic Fleet. On 1 October 1992, it was placed in Liepāja decommissioned and sank in shallow water port on the bottom. Following the withdrawal of Russian troops from Latvia was raised and scrapped by a Latvian company.
SKR -35
The ship was laid on 19 December 1962 with 820 yard on Kiel and ran on 27 September 1963 by the stack. It did his service in the Baltic Fleet. 1990, it was decommissioned and sank shortly afterwards due to defective flood valves in the harbor.
SKR -19
The ship was laid on February 25, 1963 at 820 yard on Kiel and ran on 27 July 1964 by the stack. It did his service in the Baltic Fleet. In 1992 it was decommissioned.
SKR -6
The ship was laid on April 10, 1963 at 820 yard on Kiel and ran on 6 February 1964 by the stack. It did his service in 1967 in the Black Sea Fleet. On 2 December 1988 she was parked together with the project -1135 frigate Bessawetny to drive an American naval force from waters that claimed the Soviet Union. The commander initially pursued the USS Caron and drew level with the stern to starboard to push away the ship. The collision was minor damage to both ships. 1990 SKR -6 was detected and scrapped out of service.
SKR -13
The ship was laid on 31 May in 1963 under 820 yard on Kiel and launched on October 13, 1964 from the stack. It did his service from 1966 in the Black Sea Fleet. On 24 June 1991, was decommissioned and later scrapped in Sevastopol.
SKR -83
The ship was laid down on 20 July 1963 of 820 shipyard keel and ran on 10 December 1963 by the stack. It did his service in the Baltic Fleet. At the 1991 decommissioned and scrapped in 1992.
SKR -117
The ship was laid on October 15, 1963 at 820 yard on Kiel and ran on 25 February 1965 by the stack. It did his service in the Black Sea Fleet. On April 19, 1990, it was decommissioned and scrapped later.
SKR -90
The ship was laid on February 10, 1964 at 820 yard on Kiel and launched on November 30, 1964 from the stack. It did his service in the Baltic Fleet. 1990 SKR -90 was decommissioned.