Moritz Ludwig Frankenheim

Moritz Ludwig Frankenheim ( born June 29, 1801 in Braunschweig, † January 14, 1869 in Dresden ) was a German physicist, geographer and crystallographer.

Life

Moritz Ludwig Frankenheim was born 1801 in Braunschweig, where he attended grammar school and in Wolfenbüttel. After finishing school he went to Berlin to the Alma Mater Berolinensis (now Humboldt University ) for the study of physics, from which he graduated in 1823 with a thesis Dissertatio de Theoria et Gasorum Vaporum Meditationes. Powered by the research of his local teacher Christian Samuel Weiss (1780-1856), his interest shifted mainly to the crystallography. In 1827 he was appointed to the University of Breslau, where he assistant professor of physics, geography and mathematics from 1850 finally was from 1827 to 1850, first professor of these subjects. After his retirement, he went first to Leipzig and then to Dresden, where he died in 1869 at the age of 67 years.

Services

Franken home focal point was the crystallography, particularly with regard to studies of crystal morphology and work for the mathematical- theoretical background of the symmetry of crystals. He was already using 1826, the integer reciprocals of the Weiss 's coefficient ( the intersection of a plane with the three crystallographic axes ) to describe the spatial position of crystal faces, from which the British crystallographer William Hallowes Miller ( 1801-1880 ) in 1839 developed the Miller indices. By assigning symmetry elements to the by Weiss and Friedrich Mohs previously (1773-1839) defined crystal systems, managed francs home for the first time, to define the 32 point groups (crystal classes) and in the then four crystal systems ( the regular one, the four-membered, the two -membered and the six-membered ) to be classified. From his observations he deduced 15 lattice types of crystals ( 1811-1863 ) were reduced to 14 later by Auguste Bravais and today as a Bravais lattice describe the possible unit cells of crystal structures. Franks led home continues to be one of the first microscopic studies of crystals in polarized light, using the then new Nicol prism as a polarizer, through.

In the field of geography, the book Ethnology counts from 1852 to his most famous works.

Works

  • Dissertatio de Theoria et Gasorum Vaporum Meditationes. Berlin 1823.
  • Crystallonomische essays. ISIS, Vol 19, pp. 497-515, 542-565, Jena in 1826.
  • Popular Astronomy. Braunschweig 1827.
  • De Crystallorum Cohäsione. Breslau in 1829.
  • The doctrine of cohesion comprising the elasticity of gases, the elasticity and Cohärenz the liquid and solid body and the Krystallkunde. Breslau 1835.
  • System of the crystals. Breslau 1842.
  • Crystallization and amorphous. Breslau 1851.
  • Ethnology. Breslau 1852.
  • To Krystallkunde. I. Characteristiken of the crystals. Leipzig 1869.
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