Mount McKinley
Mount McKinley
Reflection of the McKinley massif in Wonder Lake
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Is Mount McKinley in Alaska with 6194 meters height ( according to recent measurements 6168 meters ) the highest mountain in North America and thus one of the Seven Summits. It was named after the 25th U.S. President William McKinley. An alternatively used name of the mountain is Denali, is a word from the Athabaskan, the "the Great" or " High ". Denali is the official name of the mountain in Alaska. While the official name has become the most in the U.S. in general usage, the old name is used in German-speaking mostly.
Climate
Mount McKinley is the highest peak in the Alaska Range and is named after him in Denali National Park. The mountain is one of the most extreme climate of the earth and is characterized by bad weather, strong winds and very low temperatures. Frequently reach gale-force storms with wind speeds over 120 km / h the mountain that have formed over the Aleutian Islands and have been directed by Pacific anticyclones to Alaska. In the winter months of about 160 km / h jet stream over the mountain descends. In combination with the height of the mountain, a venturi effect, which can double the wind speeds results.
Especially with good, ie, clouds and precipitation -free weather is especially cold at McKinley. The temperature at the summit rarely rises above -15 ° C, and temperatures of -30 ° C are in the high altitudes are not uncommon. A to -95 ° F ( approximately -70 ° C) calibrated, selbstaufzeichnende minimum station was 1913-1923 to about 15,000 feet (about 4570 meters) height placed and the evaluation indicated a cold record below its calibrated range. Subsequent laboratory testing revealed that the device worked and was the recorded record cold at about -100 ° F ( approximately -73 ° C). Since the mountain usually strong winds, the wind chill temperature is Windchill still significantly lower. The climbing season is from April to July.
History
The first documented reference to the Mount McKinley is found in the records of the British explorer George Vancouver in 1794. Beginning of the 20th century, the first ascent attempts have been made. Be the first on June 7, 1913 reached the American- British explorer Hudson Stuck and the Alaskans Henry Peter Karstens, as well as the Athabasca Indians Walter Harper and Robert Tatum the summit. Stuck compatriot Frederick Cook had indeed claimed to have been seven years earlier stood on Mount McKinley, but this was disproved.
The first documented attempt an ascent had James Wickersham undertaken in 1903 on the north wall, which has since been named after him Wickersham Wall. This route is considered extremely dangerous and was only in 1963 successfully climbed. A long-time researcher of this mountain was Bradford Washburn, who made a map at a scale of 1:50,000 in 1960. 1967 has climbed the mountain, accompanied by a team led by Ray Genet documentary filmmaker Martin Schliessler, where Schliessler the whole ascent held by the film. It has since been regarded as the most comprehensive film document climbing a mountain. Just before reaching the top Genet but returned to.
On June 21, 1991 ascended the then 12 -year-old Taras Genet (son of Ray Genet ) Mount McKinley.