Musikverein

The Wiener Musikverein (or the house of the Vienna Musikverein ) is a traditional concert hall in Vienna. In this house there is the famous Great ( Golden ) Hall of the Musikverein, which is considered one of the most beautiful and acoustically best halls in the world. The Musikverein is located in the first district of Vienna, Inner City, the Musikverein place.

History

1812, the Friends of Music Society was founded in Vienna by Joseph Sonnleithner. As of November 1831 she organized concerts in a hall at the Tuchlauben No. 12, which soon proved with only 700 seats were too small.

1863 agreed Emperor Franz Joseph on the proposal of the competent Ministry of the Interior for the new Viennese Ringstraße city expansion fund, to leave the society that the state-owned site at the Vienna river next to the construction site of the Künstlerhaus, opposite the Karlskirche, no charge for a concert hall.

With the planning of the neo-classical architect Theophil von Hansen was commissioned. There should be two rooms, a large one for a small orchestra and chamber music concerts. All stonework resulted from the Vienna Anton Burger water; according to their properties, but also to their availability, sandstones from Breitenbrunn and St. Margaret, hard limestones of Emperor quarry were used on the Leitha Mountains and Wollersdorf.

The house was opened on January 6, 1870 with a celebratory concert, and the critics praised unanimously once the magnificent acoustics of the Great Hall, whose fame spread quickly throughout the world. Even the small hall, which was named in 1937 by Johannes Brahms, soon won the reputation of being an ideal place for chamber music.

In 2004, four smaller, underground halls were opened, which are designed for concerts as well as for samples, conferences, workshops and receptions and have been equipped for maximum flexibility in the use of modern technology. Originally, this extension would have to be financed by the American music patron Alberto Vilar. After this had jumped, half of the Austro -Canadian Frank Stronach Industrial.

Architecture

The Musikverein is built in historic style is modeled on the ancient Greek: columns, caryatids and pediment reliefs allow the association, here a temple for the music had been constructed.

The great room is equipped with a ceiling painting by August Eisenmenger and sculptures by Franz Melnitzky, little was again restored to its original shape with red pillars and green marble walls in 1993. Usually are 1744 seats and 300 standing room available.

The four new halls in the basement of the house were designed by the architect Wilhelm Bauer wood and named after the respective dominant base material glass, metal, stone and wood.

Acoustics

The Great Hall ( often referred to as "Golden Hall" ) is considered one of the best concert halls in the world. The reasons for the excellent quality of the acoustics are numerous and partly accidental coincidences: Hansen had to rely on his intuition, since scientific studies of room acoustics have been carried out only in the 20th century.

During the Great Hall all the requirements for a good concert hall are met: Ideal proportions of the room, large enough volume, not too many places, many sound scattering surfaces such as boxes, balconies and sculptures, no sound-absorbing surfaces except the audience. An essential aspect of acoustics is the reverberation time, she is here for two seconds.

With its rectangular shape (the " shoe box " principle ) supplies the Great Hall the audience with today recognized as important early reflections from the sides. Other famous halls with excellent acoustics have also been built in the period 1870-1900 as shoe boxes with lots of sound scattering surfaces:

The organ of the Great Musikvereinssaal

The organ is in all symphonic concerts, even if it is not being played, the visible background, with visible façade pipes have only one optical function. Your body was designed by architect Hansen. The original organ was built by Friedrich Ladegast 1872, 3 manuals, pedal, 52 stops, mechanical grinding shop for the manual divisions and cone chests for the pedal mechanism. Anton Bruckner worked in the same year with the first organ concert.

1907, this organ was replaced by a new instrument. This was installed by the company Rieger from hunters village in Silesia in the historic case and was particularly appreciated by Franz Schmidt why he heranzog it for some of his first performances. Also, this instrument, even after a conversion in 1948 by the Viennese firm Molzer by international stars such as Marcel Dupré was much appreciated.

Despite fierce disputes among experts, this instrument was replaced in 1969 by a 100 registers on 4 manuals and pedal comprehensive, built by the company Walcker factory. This new building was, especially due to its design with electric action, categorically rejected by major organists of the time, as they demanded a return to mechanical action. One of the last major sister instruments of the organ from 1907 is at the Wiener Konzerthaus ( Rieger Jägerndorf 1913, 5 manuals, pedal, register 116 ).

Due to irreparable damage to the Walcker organ Rieger organ building by summer 2009 was installed by early 2011, a new instrument in the historic housing through the Vorarlberg -based company since 1946. This work has both mechanical and electric action and register 86 on 4 manuals and pedal.

Events, use

A world-renowned event in Vienna's Musikverein is the annual New Year's Concert of the Vienna Philharmonic.

Others

In 2011, the esplanade between the Artists' House and the Musikverein was named as Musikverein place after the building.

Pay

The Wood Hall is not intended as a concert hall and therefore missing in this list.

Architectural style Ancient Greek architecture Association (psychology) Wilhelm Holzbauer Box (theatre) Symphony Hall (Boston) Krnov Vienna New Year's Concert
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