National Theatre (Prague)
The National Theatre (Czech: Národní Divadlo ) is one of the most important buildings of the new city of the Czech capital Prague from the 19th century - with the help of donations from the Czech lands of incurred as a result of the Austro-Hungarian balancing dual monarchy of Austria - Hungary in 1868 to 1881, built in neo-Renaissance style, is also considered a national symbol.
History
The idea of establishing an independent Czech theater in Prague, in 1844 was followed František Palacký on January 29, 1845 submitted a request in the regional parliament, which was a positive response. The first public appeal for funds of the Association for the establishment of a Czech National Theatre in Prague came but only six years later, in April 1851. Initially, a temporary theater, 1862 opened Czech Provisional Theatre ( České Prozatímní Divadlo ), realized before members of the association to Karel Sladkovský, Tyrš, Neruda and Hálek 1865 the architect Josef Zítek calling upon to submit a draft which then also won the tender.
The first foundation stone came from Radhosť on May 5, 1868 in Prague. Other Nuggets of Bohemian mountains like Rip, Vyšehrad or Blanik followed. On May 16, 1868 Start of construction in the presence of 100,000-150,000 spectators was celebrated, whose climax was the premiere of the opera Dalibor by Bedrich Smetana for invited guests.
By the end of the foundation walls were pulled up; In 1877 the roof was saddled on the construction. 1873 was also the tender for the interior of the building, whose basic designs had drawn up a commission led by Sladkovský. The concept was a classic interior design in the sense of neo ago - inspired by the prevailing enthusiasm for Slavonic mythology and medieval manuscripts (see Berger and Green Koniginhof handwriting). Involved in the realization were Aleš, Vojtěch Hynais Julius Mařák and František Ženíšek.
Occasion and in honor of the visit of Crown Prince Rudolf the not quite finished Theater on June 11, 1881 with the premiere of an early 1870s by Smetana composed especially for the occasion opera Libuse was opened prematurely. After eleven other ideas, the building was closed for the outstanding work again. Before the final opening it then came on 12 August 1881 a fire which also destroyed the stage and the auditorium next to the brass dome. After a new fundraiser it was rebuilt in the following years under the direction of architect Josef Schulz again. The second opening took place on 18 November 1883 - again with a performance of Smetana's opera Libuse.
Nearly one hundred years, there were no more major renovations until the theater from 1977 to 1983 was thoroughly restored. The first idea was then to the day, one hundred years after the second opening - November 18, 1983.