Nemacheilidae
Barbatula quignardi
The Bach or Flussschmerlen ( Nemacheilidae ) are a family of Schmerlenartigen ( Cobitoidea ). In their representatives there are small fish that live in fast-flowing rivers of Eurasia. The family includes about 400 species in 30 genera of which Schistura which is richest in species. Dissemination focus is India, Indochina and China, but also in Europe occur several ways. From Iran, India, China and Thailand, some species are known to live in underground cave waters.
Features
Bachschmerlen have an elongated, round in cross-section or flattened body, no thorns before or under the eyes of two couples Bartel at the top and one on the lower jaw. Her skull bone a Präpalatinum part ( a bone in front of the palatine bone ). The mouth is inferior. There is ever an unbranched fin ray on the front of the chest and abdominal fins. Some Bachschmerlen have an adipose fin. Dandruff can be present or absent. Most species remain below a length of ten centimeters.
Way of life
Bachschmerlen live in slow to moderately fast flowing waters in levels and in low mountain ranges. Most species are crepuscular, some also diurnal. They usually stay hidden under eroded banks, between dead wood, stones, water plants or flooded terrestrial plants stands.
Genera
- Aborichthys
- Acanthocobitis
- Adiposia
- Afronemacheilus Golubtsov & Prokofiev, 2009
- Barbatula
- Claea
- Draconectes Kottelat, 2012
- Dzihunia
- Eonemachilus
- Heminoemacheilus
- Homatula
- Ilamnemacheilus
- Indoreonectes
- Lefua
- Longischistura
- Mesonoemacheilus
- Micronemacheilus
- Nemacheilus
- Nemachilichthys
- Neonoemacheilus
- Now
- Oreonectes
- Orthrias
- Oreias
- Oxynoemacheilus
- Paracobitis
- Paranemachilus
- Physoschistura
- Protonemacheilus
- Pteronemacheilus
- Schistura
- Seminemacheilus
- Speonectes Kottelat, 2012
- Sphaerophysa
- Sundoreonectes
- Traccatichthys
- Triplophysa
- Tuberoschistura
- Turcinoemacheilus
- Yunnanilus