Nesse (Hörsel)

BW

The nephew is a 54.5 km long tributary of the Hörsel in southern Thuringian Basin, Thuringia. Strictly speaking, it represents a second, right main branch of the Hörsel, who brings to union with the Hörsel about as much water as these themselves, and even drained a bigger catchment area.

The nephew is a typical lowland river with an average bed slope of only about 1.5 ‰. After the Thuringian Water Act, it has the status of a water body of the first order and is therefore in the entertainment load of Thuringia.

Formation

The nephew was the end of the last ice age, geologists suspect a pent-up lake has enforced with melt water breakthrough to the west. Adjoining rivers belong to the basin of the Elbe, the watershed extends over both streams Alacher height and Bien townspeople height.

Course

Source area and the headwaters

The Nesse is created by the confluence of several drainage ditches and swelling to 295 m above sea level. NN 7 km west of Erfurt in the district Alach, not far from Erfurt airport, and then flows westward through the northern part of the district of Gotha. In Nottleben her flowing from right in Mollenbachstraße to her first major tributary, further below which opens right tributary streams of the headwaters come from the Fahner 's height.

Underflow

In the former railway station Wangenheim the particular fed by Leinakanal Wild digging Gotha or left coming discharges into the Nesse. Here ends the upper reaches of the Nesse, which is classified to here as waters 2nd class to § 3 of the Thuringian Water Act. To the mouth of the Nesse is a body of water the first class. Approximately one kilometer west of the local situation Wangenheim is the from noon moat fed from the direction Tüngeda dam Tüngeda / Wangenheim, which drains about two kilometers to the southeast in the Nesse. In their place existed until the 18th century, the Wangenheimer lake. This is the first inflow from the Hainich. In Sonneborn opens two and a half kilometers to the Arzbach from left, another four kilometers below opens in Friedrichswerth with the Bieberbach right of another Hainich inflow.

Immediately at the circular boundary of the district of Gotha with the Wartburg circle the waters is spanned by the 380 m long viaduct Nessetal the Federal Highway 4 since 2009. On the left side, the river approaches the Hörselbergen, from which, however, only very short streams come. Hydrogeological investigations confirmed an underground connection with the Hörseltal from Ettenhausen at the Nesse to Stockhausen feeds the Hörselwasser a dozen strong karst springs.

In the Wartburg district Nesse flows through the municipality Hörselberg -Hainich where in Großenlupnitz from right opens the Böber, and achieved with Stockhausen, the area of the city of Eisenach. As a final inflow of Trenkelbach opens when a Petersberg in the Nesse.

Mouth

Today's muzzle point of Nesse in the Hörsel was created by the construction of Köpping trench in the middle ages. This was originally used to regulate the water level of the Hörsel. The Köppinggraben lies between the Köppingbrücke ( Weimarische road ) and the Henry Street. After about 300 m the flow encounters a weir here branches off from the Hörsel the Nessemühlgraben and passes about half of the water volume in the medieval mill area on the northern and western edge of the Old Town from Eisenach. The original point of the mouth Nesse is still on historic maps from the 18th century recognizable: it was in the west of the Eichhölzchen at today Tiefenbach Avenue. The site was formed after the construction of the car plant.

Tributaries

The catchment area of ​​426.3 km ² with Nesse comprises 54.4 % of the total catchment area of Hörsel ( 784 km ²) and 139.5 % of the Hörseleinzugsgebietes above the Nesse - mouth ( 305.6 km ²). This brings the Nesse in about the same amount of water (3.14 m³ / s ) for association with the Hörsel with how these itself (3.11 m³ / s). All Nesse inflows come from the Thuringian Basin and its peripheral boards while her outfall Hörsel is fed to larger parts of the montane Thuringian Forest.

The tributaries of the Nesse For the most part typical lowland streams with low gradient out its runs are now widely straightened and integrated into a system of drainage ditches. The stream lengths listed below apply to both around the permanent water -carrying part. Since most of the runs are up tight channeled to the appropriate watershed and integrated into the drainage system, they result in high rainfall or snowmelt temporarily on a still significantly greater length of water, but are in times of drought de facto sometimes still significantly shorter than indicated.

A pipeline from Hörsel Headwaters Leina - and the (upper) Apfelstädt from the system Gera / Unstrut / Saale / Elbe - the subsystem of Nesse forms of Leinakanal, which was built in the Middle Ages, the town of Gotha with water from the Thuringian Forest to provide, and the nephew about the Wild ditch flows. The catchment area of the savage trench is hardly less than that of Nesse above ( 131.4 km ² ), 104.6 km ² and additionally there is the proportionate catchment area of Leina ( is estimated by TLUG Jena 20.8 km ²) and Apfelstädt. Purely mathematically, the length of Nesse on top Leina, Leinakanal and Wild ditch 63.5 km.

Ecology and energy

Especially in the 1980s, Nesse was affected from the confluence of the Wild trench by a strong dirt. About the Wild ditch the inadequately treated sewage from the catchment area of ​​the wastewater flow Gotha were fed. With the construction of a prior art wastewater treatment plant in Gotha until 1993, the water quality could be significantly improved.

Active hydropower plants are located on the Nesse in the districts Ettenhausen, Wenigenlupnitz and Großenlupnitz the community Hörselberg -Hainich as well as in Eisenach.

Curiosities

After Nesse the municipality Nesse - Apfelstädt is named, although the Nesse flows past only in the area of the district boundaries between Gamstädt and Ermstedt and thus on the municipal boundary to the state capital Erfurt. The Gemarkungsgrenze case runs here and there in the middle of the river.

Landscape Impressions

The Nesse in Wenigenlupnitz

Hidden estuary in Eisenach

Gallery mills

The former water works with Stockhausen

The Nessemühle in Eisenach