Neue Künstlervereinigung München
The New Artists ' Association of Munich ( NKVM ) was an expressionist artist group, which had its seat in Munich.
- 2.1 The first exhibition in 1909
- 2.2 The second exhibition in 1910
- 2.3 The third exhibition in 1911
- 3.1 The 4th exhibition 1934
History of the Association
The idea for N.K.V.M.
The precursor to N.K.V.M. was the " Brotherhood of St. Luke ", the Russian painter Werefkin 1897 in her adopted home in the Schwabing district of Munich in their " pink salon " had to be gathered. The members saw themselves in the tradition of the St. Luke guild. Even then, the plan was " manifestations, ie exhibitions".
What the N.K.V.M. is concerned, the idea for it was also born in the salon of Werefkin ( before Christmas 1908). Except Werefkin were Alexej Jawlensky, Adolf Erbsloh and the " Musicians " Oscar Wittenstein involved, to establish " the new artists' association". Gabriele Münter and Wassily Kandinsky were not privy to it initially. In Kandinsky annoyed even years later, what its attitude explains to a certain extent, when offered to him in January 1909, the chair of the NKVM to take over.
The foundation, the members and the Board
On January 22, 1909, the Memorandum was written. Members were initially: Vladimir Bechtejeff, Th E. Buttler, Erbsloh, L. Frank, Gustav Freytag, Thomas Hartmann, Jawlensky, Kandinsky, Alexander Kanoldt, M. Kanoldt - Zerener, Johanna Kanoldt, Alfred Kubin, Charles Palmié Hugo mold, art historian Heinrich Schnabel, of Werefkin and Wittenstein. In the same year were Paul Baum, Erma Bossi, Pierre -Paul Girieud (1876-1948), Karl Hofer, Moissey Kogan (1879-1943) and the dancer Alexander Sacharoff the association at. Of eliminated in the course of the year again: tree, Butler, Frank, Kanoldt - Zerener, Palmié and mold.
In the Board were elected: Kandinsky was the first chairman, Jawlensky as a second, as deputy Johanna Kanoldt, as First Secretary Wittenstein, as Treasurer Johanna Kanoldt.
Kandinsky had in the Articles of Association of N.K.V.M. a paragraph - the "four square " clause - introduced to him in 1911 should provide the handle to leave the club. It read:
On May 10, the entry of N.K.V.M. was into the municipal register of associations of Munich.
1910 Erbsloh was appointed secretary of the N.K.V.M. appointed.
As it at the conservative forces in the NKVM came more and more often to discrepancies that appeal to increasingly more abstract Kandinsky painting - they demanded of him " as understandable as possible works' - inflamed, he laid in January 1911 down in the chair. Erbsloh became his successor. Also in January, was Franz Marc Member and Chairman 3. At the general meeting on February 4, were chosen: Wittenstein as second chairman, Alexander Kanoldt as first secretary, Beak as second secretary and Johanna Kanoldt as a cashier.
The " Last Judgment " on December 2, 1911
Angered by the contempt of his painting, Kandinsky and Marc were working on a spin-off of the NKVM August Macke was privy to. Kandinsky painted secretly and deliberately confrontational in a five -square-foot abstract painting The Last Judgement / Composition V. amount to the exact dimensions of the oil painting on canvas 190 x 275 cm. He handed it, knowing one of the statutes of the NKVM, the jury for the upcoming winter exhibition as a provocation. Kandinsky and Marc's planning went on. They remembered introduced by Kandinsky himself "four -square " clause.
There was the expected " noise " on December 2, 1911. The majority rejected Kandinsky image by statute from. Together with Münter and Marc Kandinsky left then - "Protest " feigning - the NKVM to on December 18, 1911 can open the Der Blaue Reiter for months surreptitiously prepared first exhibition of the editorial staff.
After more than 20 years, Kandinsky and Marc's revealed for the first time his plan:
. " With malice Kandinsky even thought back to the coup" Adhere to data no longer accurately remembering he informed Galka Scheyer (1889-1945), who represented the Blue Four in America:
" Werefkin and Jawlensky have never know that they had been deceived. "
The exhibitions of the N.K.V.M.
The first exhibition in 1909
The first exhibition took place from 1 to 15 December 1909 in the Moderne Galerie Heinrich Thannhauser in Arco Palace, Theatinerstraße 7, held in Munich and showed 128 works by 16 artists, members and guests of NKVM, namely tree, Bechtejeff, Bossi Emmi Dresler (1880-1962), Robert Eckert (1874 - before 1923 ), Erbsloh, Girieud, Karl Hofer, Jawlensky, Kandinsky, Kanoldt, Kogan, Kubin, Carla pole ( 1883-1962 ), Werefkin. This exhibition received mainly negative reviews of contemporary local press. So wrote the paper Munich Latest News: " Either the majority of the members of this association incurably insane, or we are dealing with a group of unscrupulous con, the best to the weakness of our contemporaries know for sensations and try this great demand to. use "
The second exhibition in 1910
In the spring of 1910, the artist developed the NKVM fresh activities to prepare for their next exhibition. It almost seems that one wanted to challenge the conservative Munich art world once again after the scandal that had been kindled in the last year. For this was Erbsloh - Intimus the Werefkin and secretary of the club - traveled in May specifically to France to mobilize in Paris reinforcement, among other artists of Fauvism. Girieud, Jawlensky and Werefkin close friend, was Erbsloh leader for his research. Erbslöhs and Girieuds mission was successful, as the exhibitor list shows.
The second exhibition was held from 1st to September 14, 1910 also at the Galerie Thannhauser instead. This time she presented 115 works by 31 artists, namely Bechtejeff, Bossi, Georges Braque, David Davidovich Burliuk, Vladimir Burliuk ( 1886-1917 ), Wassily Denissoff ( 1862-1921/1942 ), André Derain, Kees Van Dongen, Francisco Durio ( 1868-1940), Erbsloh, Henri Le Fauconnier, Girieud, Hermann Haller, Bernhard Hoetger, Jawlensky, Eugen von Kahler, Kandinsky, Kanoldt, Kogan, Kubin, Alexander Mogilewsky ( 1885-19 ), Münter, Adolf low (1873? - 19? ), Pablo Picasso, Georges Rouault, Edwin Scharff, Seraphim Soudbinine ( 1870-1944 ), Maurice de Vlaminck, Werefkin.
It is still unclear to this day is why is works of the alleged friend of Jawlensky, Matisse missed. Planned was detectable interestingly, Henri Rousseau, visited the Erbsloh together with Girieud in his studio. This, however, had his participation for Munich to cancel because he had sold all his pictures.
When the exhibition of N.K.V.M. had been opened, it was scorned by the press again. It was called a " absurd exhibition " of " nonsense " and " concentrated nonsense [ ... ] of kannibalischsten primitive peoples until up to the Neupariser Decadents. " They grumbled, " that the majority of the members and guests of the Association is incurably insane, or that you are dealing with shameless Bluffern. "
The third exhibition in 1911
After the " crash " of December 2, shrunk to eight participants, the third and last joint exhibition of NKVM was until January 1, 1912 again held 18 December 1911 in the Galerie Thannhauser. The club remained true Bechtejeff, which now married Erma Bossi - Barrera, Erbsloh, Girieud, Jawlensky, Kanoldt, Kogan and Werefkin. They showed a total of 58 plants.
Under the name The Blue Rider Kandinsky and Marc had organized an early stage in parallel an exhibition with 14 artists in the same gallery. This showed a total of 43 plants. The exhibition of the editorial Der Blaue Reiter, the brothers Burliuk, Bare and Münter were converted. On display were also works of Albert Bloch, Heinrich Campendonck, Robert Delaunay, Elisabeth Epstein Ivanovna, August Macke, Franz Marc, Jean- BLÖ Niestlé, Rousseau and Arnold Schoenberg.
The publication " The New Image" and the temporary end of the NKVM
1912 returned from the summer resort of Oberstdorf, Werefkin and Jawlensky found the generously equipped book The New Picture of Otto Fischer, as the publication of NKVM should serve for the fourth exhibition, printed before. It contains texts and pictures of works by nine artists, namely: Bechtejeff, Barrera - Bossi, Erbsloh, Girieud, Jawlensky, Kanoldt, Kogan, Mogilewsky and Werefkin.
About the text and the notes to the individual artists this book Werefkin was outraged. Jawlensky, Bechtejeff and Mogilewsky joined their opinion. Between this party of the association and the other to Erbsloh, there was an extensive, violent exchange of letters. About backgrounds and internals, which meant that the planned exhibition was not realized, informed a letter of Werefkin, which they taught at Richart Rich (1876-1943), the then director of the Kunstverein in Barmen, a present-day municipality of Wuppertal. In their indignation about the book she asked in realms:
The disagreement eventually led to Werefkin and Jawlensky towards the end of the year from the NKVM leaked. From this point, the club existed for years in fact only on paper. It was not until 1920 he was officially discharged from Erbsloh from the Munich club register.
The 4th exhibition 1934
From a hitherto neglected letter from Erbsloh of 26 November 1932, the art historian Otto Fischer, 1912, the first release for the NKVM had written, we learn that the painter along with his colleagues Kanoldt for 1934 a kind of retrospective of his companions from the pre-war period the NKVM planned, " Dr. Rich -Barmen suggested in the previous years Councilor Pixis from the local art association to organize a major exhibition of the former members of the 25th founding anniversary of the former New Artists' Association of Munich in 1934. "
From Erbsloh experienced fisherman who now as director of the Kunstmuseum in Basel held that the exhibition from May 1934 to the June 15, 1934 should have. He himself would be one of the party. Bossi, Girieud, Jawlensky, Kandinsky, Kanoldt, Kubin and Münter had " sent enjoyed consents ". Of the other members, Bechtejeff, Fauconnier, Kogan, Mogilewsky and Werefkin he expected nor answer, even by Maria Marc, he had been invited to join. The interesting thing about the list is on the one hand, the fact that Erbsloh Marc's wife, who never in their pictures of NKVM had issued wanted to know represented with exhibits in the 4th exhibition. Secondly, it is remarkable to learn from Erbslöhs letter that the " noise " that Kandinsky and Marc were staged on December 2, 1911, for cleavage of the Blue Rider from the NKVM had led, had been overcome by the artists. It is surprising also that particular artist had no objection to a recent joint appearance.
The plan of the exhibition was already to give a special character by both historical as well as a current aspect: " Since we have a lot of space ( the Kunstverein presents us all his rooms available ), came Kanoldt and I get the idea, not only to make a quasi- historical ' exhibition, but also recent works of the members exhibit ( this idea is Kandinsky particularly happy). You could make as about 2 departments, the one with the years (approximately) 1909 - Lost 1914 created works, the other with the later works of individual members [ ... ] Since I almost to mention: the Kunstantiquariat rolling Amalie in the street here would at the same time (ie, also in May 1934 ) make an exhibition of graphic art of the former members of the New KVM - so that these two exhibitions could complement the most beautiful way. With best wishes to you and your wife from my wife, your old Erbsloh. "
Erbsloh and Kanoldt could the exhibition idea could not be realized because, according to the power of Adolf Hitler on 30 January 1933, the painting of the members of the former NKVM was outlawed as degenerate. This meant the definitive end of N.K.V.M.