Nursing research

The nursing research is a branch of nursing science and is used to increase knowledge within the professional health and health insurance, retirement and education of medical care. It examines previously existing care systems, models and theories as well as the nursing regulatory processes, this refutes or confirms the nursing research efficiency, applicability and quality of care of the examined object. The nursing research offers the generation of knowledge, the statistical and systematic basis for the assessment and evaluation of care, managed care models and nursing theories. The aim of the research is to obtain a deeper understanding of the interaction of nurses with the patient and their relatives as well as the influences of the nursing environment factors. The nursing research is to increase the care transparency, ensure an evidence-based nursing practice and serve the implementation of new knowledge into practice and theory.

History of Nursing Research

The history of nursing research begins in the middle of the 19th century with the first-time statistical monitoring health and care -related data by Florence Nightingale. In 1900 first nursing science courses are set up in the United States of America and the United Kingdom. In Germany, the history of scientific nursing research begin until 1963 with the establishment of the Institute for Medical Education at the Humboldt University in Berlin. With the publication of scientific care magazine " care " consciousness is pushed for the need for a science-based care in the focus within the care, in 1990 created the first nursing degree programs at colleges and universities. However, there was until the second half of the 1990s, no significant nursing research in Germany, the few studies have focused primarily with the care itself, Germany was not involved in international scientific congresses Care, nor was there a significant national exchange on nursing research.

From the year 2000, increasingly establish nursing research organizations in Germany, nursing research was awarded in 2001 as a research priority by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Nursing science remains at 50 to 60 promotions per year significantly behind international standards. The legal principles of quality assurance and care advice according to the Eleventh Book of the Social Code, open up new scientific fields of activity for nurse researchers and scientists in practice.

Relationship between nursing science and nursing research

Nursing science developed nursing theories and models that are examined within the nursing research. The task of nursing research is in relation to nursing science, the generation of knowledge and the confirmation of the theories developed on the basis of statistical and systematic evaluation criteria, this is a close connection between research and practice basic requirement. The results of this research then incorporated into nursing practice and nursing science.

Research Methods

The nursing research uses two basic methods:

• Quantitative research: This research is based on the measurable results, describes the quality of care for patients. Used statistical methods, in particular there is the randomized controlled trial in quantitative nursing research to application.

• Qualitative research: This research method is based on ethnography, grounded theory, action research and phenomenology and is used to examine the experiences of nursing care and nurses. The research concentrates on the importance of the investigated object for the individual. Mostly interviews, case studies, focus groups and ethnographic methods are used.

Nursing research fields

The research fields include the maintenance by Bartholomeyczik the impact of health problems and their meaning, and the question of assistance and support opportunities that promote health and " gelingendem life." Other areas of research include the concepts to address age-related care problems and to address the constraints of technology and pharmacology. In addition, the resource-based care for chronicity, the development of preventive potentials and development of rehabilitative and outpatient care models.

Within the Nursing Research Research is needed in the areas of deficit and health-promoting nursing practice in the research and development of appropriate indicators, instruments and methods for measuring the quality of care, and the integration of cost efficiency and quality assurance in everyday care. Future tasks of nursing research will also include the expansion of university nursing science, clinical nursing research and health services research. Closer cooperation between science and practice, and the profiling of care, nursing science and nursing research as a public health factor is also a focus of nursing research.

Care Research Institute

• German Institute for Applied Nursing Research, Cologne
• Institute for Applied Nursing Research, University of Bremen
• Institute of Nursing Science, University of Basel
• Institute of Nursing Science, University of Witten / Herdecke
• Institute for Nursing and Health Science, Martin- Luther -University Halle -Wittenberg
• Institute for Medizin-/Pflegepädagogik and Nursing Science, Charité - University Medicine Berlin
• Institute of Nursing Science, Private University UMIT, Hall in Tirol
• Institute of Nursing Science, University of Vienna
• Bielefeld University, Faculty of Health Sciences
• University of Osnabrück, Department of Nursing Science
• Centre for Research and Consultancy ( ZePB ), Bremen
• Institute of Nursing Science, Medical University of Graz