Nussdorf, Vienna
Nussdorf (until 1999 officially Nußdorf ) was a separate municipality until 1892 and is now a part of Vienna in the 19th district of Vienna Dobling and one of the 89 Vienna Katastralgemeinden.
Geography
Nut village is situated on both sides of the nut Bach ( Schreiberbach ) at its confluence with the Danube Canal. The village is situated in the south to Grinzingerstrasse, in the north along the Heiligenstädterstraße and along the Danube River to the border of Kahlenberger village. The area of the cadastral district is 226.84 ha your area belongs to the statistical enumeration Nussdorf - Kahlenbergerdorf. Originally, in the field of Nussdorf the settlement ( Old ) Urfar along the Danube River.
History
Origin of the name
The documentary evidence clearly indicate " village where walnut trees grow " towards 1114 Nuzdof 1324 Nuzdorf on Nuzperig, on the Nuzbach. The name of the place Nussdorf thus derives from the numerous walnut trees and hazelnut trees. At the beginning of the 19th century were in place Walnut avenues.
Nut village in the Middle Ages
Historians consider the Greinergasse with the mouths of the Hammerschmidt alley, the Sickenberggasse and Kahlenbergerstrasse for the original village, since it corresponds to a medieval village structure most likely. The inhabitants were farmers who produce mainly for their own consumption. Also, fishing for crabs and fish in the western arm of the Danube ( today Heiligenstädterstraße ) played a role. For the sale of wine was grown.
After the name of the settlement is named from the 12th century, the family of the lords of nut village. However, the end of the 14th century died from this generation. Viticulture was in Nussdorf the most important branch, numerous monasteries and convents had early vineyards in this area, particularly the nearby Abbey of Klosterneuburg. Through the wine nut village also came to prosperity. Profitable for nut village was beyond the Fährrecht, which means the right to transport goods and people across the Danube. On the Danube shore so the place was Urfar (derived from the Middle High German word for var - for, crossing ', see Linz -Urfahr ), but you always consisted only of a few huts. They served as accommodation for the boatmen and travelers. Located on the banks of the Danube, the settlement was, however, often flooded and lost by the construction of the first major bridge across the Danube in 1439 completely insignificant and finally disappeared entirely.
Nut village in modern times
In the 15th century the place had been a chapel, which was dedicated to the Apostle Thomas. As the surrounding villages also suffered severely from the ravages Nussdorf by Hungarian troops in 1484, Matthias Corvinus was in nut village but also create jumps. Severe damage called as the Turkish sieges in 1529 and 1683 as well as the looting of the French in 1805 and 1809. The place was always very difficult to recover from this destruction, yet emerged over the years, numerous outbuildings. In these, after all, fifteen free farms, lived small nobles, who were free of duty in relation to the basic rule. One of the oldest buildings, the Neudeckerhof, still exists today. Built in the early 18th century Sick mountain lodge was 1959/1960 demolished. With the Nussdorferstrasse parish nut village in 1787 was given its own parish church, it was financed by the abrogation of some order - landlords in the district area by Joseph II The wine-growing made the Nussdorferstrasse wealthy. 1820 was more than half the floor space with vineyards covered. In addition, the Nussdorferstrasse brewery was built in 1819 and the Kahlenberg car to the Kahlenberg made walnut village in the 19th century to a popular destination of Vienna. The population of walnut village grew rapidly. 1795 was the site of 109 houses with 865 inhabitants in 1808 already lived 1,265 people in 120 houses. Lived in 1832 in 152 houses still 1,503 people, so there were already 5,191 inhabitants in 1890. Today's parish cemetery nut village was consecrated in 1867.
1892 walnut village was incorporated together with the neighboring suburbs of Vienna Sievering, Grinzing, Oberdöbling Unterdöbling, the Holy City, the Kahlenbergerdorf to Vienna.
Culture and sights
The Lehár Schikaneder Villa dates back to the 18th century and was owned by Emanuel Schikaneder and Franz Lehár.
The Nussdorferstrasse AC is a Football club was established in 1907 in part of the district.
Economy and infrastructure
Beginning of the 19th century was the wine-growing village in nut significant and dominant. More than half the floor space was covered with vineyards, another 20 percent of arable land and orchards.
The second pillar of the Nussdorferstrasse economy has long been the Nussdorferstrasse harbor. Since the 16th century it was the most important port on the Danube in Vienna, since the underlying navigation channel was very narrow. Goods were here transhipped from larger vessels to smaller vessels and rafts or car and brought to Vienna. Since the dealers were staying longer in nut village, also emerged numerous restaurants and inns, a tollgate was set up in 1675. Commercial and trading center was today Nussdorferstrasse place were traded particularly cereals, salt, animals and animal products, fruits and clay and wood products. But regulation of the Danube 1870-1875 the port lost its importance over night. The upstream scale when Kahlenbergerdorf Kuchelauer port never achieved an approximate meaning.
The Nussdorferstrasse weir and lock system (built 1894-1899 ) and the Kaiserbadwehr were the only hydraulic engineering buildings that have been implemented for the realization of the planned port in the Danube channel in reality. Otto Wagner made their plans for the architectural design of the weir with the Schemerlbrücke. Below the weir the power plant nut village was built without externally visible change.
End of the 18th century, the first large commercial enterprises settled in the village nut. 1783 Weinstein and wine vinegar factory was founded, which took advantage of the products and wastes of viticulture. The factory also produces rum and rubbing alcohol and exported the products to Russia and Bavaria. In 1800, an ammonium chloride and salt Products Factory was established by the State also in the urine of restaurants has been processed. Also, this factory was able to export its products abroad, but had to close in 1840. Importance was also nice and black dyeing of Ignaz Hackhofer. At one of the famous enterprises of the district territory is further founded in 1819 Nußdorfer brewery developed in the Hackhofergasse 9 Another company was the imperial Court glove factory J. E. Zacharias.
Built in 1922, 1886 and the meat supply of Vienna serving slaughterhouse nut village in the Grinzingerstrasse was abandoned and the present Municipal Department 48 - leave fleet and sanitation, which still operates the site today.
Personalities
- Karl Adolf Bachofen real (1830-1922), industrialist and last mayor of Nussdorf
- Rudolf Franz Eichhorn (1853-1925), priest and politician Nussdorferstrasse
- Johann Michael Kupfer (1859-1917), painter and sculptor
- Seifried Helbling (* 1230), knight and poet
- Franz Schier (1909-1954), Heurigenwirt, singer and actor