Oenoanda

36.80962829.5500041439Koordinaten: 36 ° 49 'N, 29 ° 33 ' E

Oinoanda (Greek Οἰνόανδα ) is an ancient town in Lycia above the northern end of the Xanthos valley.

Topography

Oinoanda is touristy undeveloped; it is only through a steep narrow path (or a dry creek bed ) accessible and located on a ridge about 120 meters altitude above the small village Incealiler on the D350 Antalya - Fethiye, Muğla Province in Turkey. For the way needed 45 to 60 minutes; in heavy rain, considerable problems may arise.

Although Oinoanda has increasingly been scientifically researched intensively in recent years, the ruins was not " cleaned up " in contrast to many other ancient sites in Turkey today. The town site itself is but overall easy to commit, but care must be taken on loose scree.

History

The place name is as Wiyanawanda / Winuwanda ( hethitsch wiyana = wine) in Hittite cuneiform documents is in connection with a campaign against Xanthos as a part of Lukka countries. However, of these early settlements of the 12th century BC, is nothing else known. Neither finds other sources

The ancient city is then again only in the Hellenistic period ( end 3./Anfang 2nd century BC) detectable. With Cibyra, Bubon and Balboura to Oinoanda, now a Greek polis castle, in the 2nd century BC to a four Städtebund ( Tetrapolis ) together, from the Lucius Licinius Roman general Murena 84 BC during the fights with Mithridates VI. was dissolved. Oinoanda was then probably the Lycian Federation and was with this under Emperor Claudius part of the province of Lycia et Pamphylia.

In the Hellenistic period, colonists were settled from the Pisidian Termessos Oinoanda, apparently temporarily formed a separate corporation within the polis Oinoanda (Greek Τερμησσός ἡ μικρά " small Termessos " Τερμησσεῖς οἱ πρὸς Οἰνοάνδοις " Termessier at Oinoanda "). With the polis Xanthos joined Oinoanda long time an intense rivalry and enmity, which also led to outbreaks of violence.

The city is among researchers, especially by the discovery of three extensive inscriptions from Roman times known: the Epicurean treatises of Diogenes of Oinoanda and the foundation of a feast by Demosthenes of Oinoanda (both 2nd century ) as well as a theological oracles from the late 3rd century.

In ancient times, led at the foot of the city hill, a bridge over the Xanthos river ( bridge at Oinoanda ). In late antiquity, the city was the seat of a bishop; to the diocese goes back the titular Oenoanda the Roman Catholic Church.