Operation Mockingbird
Operation Mockingbird was a project of public relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the United States in the states of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
History
Affirmative censorship
The Rußhersteller Cabot Corporation promoted in the 1920 and 1930 years, the cultural policy of the Watch and Ward Society in Boston area by selective delivery of ink. After May 8, 1945 was granted by the Office of Military Government for Germany (U.S.) licenses for the publication of newspapers.
Frank Gardiner Wisner
Frank Gardiner Wisner was recruited by Dean Acheson in 1947 in the Office of Occupied Territories of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the United States. On April 28, 1947 George C. Marshall, George F. Kennan appointed head of the Policy Planning Staff (PPS ) (later renamed the Office of Policy Coordination ). The PPS and William L. Clayton developed maßgeblilch the European Recovery Program ERP, which George C. Marshall presented at a lecture at Harvard University on June 5, 1947. Wisner led the Operation Mockingbird, which organized by funds from the Marshall Plan, public relations in terms of the containment policy. The Office of Strategic Services in the Ministry of Defense of the United States was replaced from 1946 to 18 September 1947 by the Central Intelligence Group at Hoyt S. Vandenberg in the State Department of the United States.
Concealed Public Relations
Given the rivalry of Dean Acheson with J. Edgar Hoover, Joseph McCarthy contributed to the elucidation of the activities of the U.S. State Department in terms of public relations. In 1950, he revealed in a speech that he would have a list with 250 staff at the Foreign Ministry, a member of the Communist Party (United States) are available. From the presidential election in the United States in 1952, the Cabinet Eisenhower emerged victorious. At this electoral success partisanship by Henry Luce in Time and Life (magazine), as well as an anti-communist mobilization by Joseph McCarthy has contributed significantly. Joseph McCarthy was given the chairmanship of the Senate Committee on Government Operations
In the first half of 1953 hearings on International Information Administration ( IIA) was performed. The IIA a division of the State Department had a budget of $ 0.1 billion and employed approximately 10,000 employees in early 1953. In addition to the Voice of America, was in their area of responsibility in 1953, renamed the United States Information Service Foreign Information Service ( FIS ). In its nearly 200 Information Center divergent cultural, information and education programs were located. The operation was denied by designated as America Houses Libraries From this household. 41 Information Centers were set up to re-education in the Federal Republic of Germany and West Berlin.
Family Jewels
During the Watergate affair on May 7, 1973 was James R. Schlesinger commissioned to a dosing on the work of his predecessor, Richard Helms, who in August 1952 as the Office of Policy Coordination and the Office of Special Operations in the Directorate of Plans (DPP ) were merged under Frank Wisner led the Operative part of the department. The dosing was classified under the successor of William Colby as secret and wandered into the archive. On 26 June 2007, after the statute of limitations a blackened, censored bundle of 693 pages on the independent National Security Archive has been submitted. In it, the Cabinet Kennedy was blamed for a telecommunications surveillance from March 12 to June 15, 1963, at U.S. journalists.
Structuring cultural policy
Among the funded institutions and individuals were also the winners of the Nobel Prize for Literature Boris Leonidovich Pasternak and Heinrich Böll