Otto Wiener (physicist)
Heinrich Otto Wiener ( born June 15, 1862 in Karlsruhe, † January 18, 1927 in Leipzig ) was a German physicist.
Life and work
Otto Wiener received his doctorate in 1887 over the phase change of light upon reflection and methods for thickness determination of thin at the University of Strasbourg leaflets.
Vienna was known by the experimental evidence of standing light waves; In 1890 he succeeded in determining the wavelength of light.
He was from 1895 professor at the University of Giessen. In 1899 he was appointed professor at the Physics Department of the University of Leipzig, where he succeeded Gustav Wiedemann. In his academic inaugural lecture in Leipzig from 1900 to expand our sense, he presented the theory of physics education in the context of the theory of evolution. The formula of the extension of our senses, he took a media- theoretical main thesis of Marshall McLuhan anticipated that at this returns as extensions of man.
Under Wiener's leadership, the new Physical Institute of the University of Leipzig was built in the Linnéstraße 1901-1904.
He conceived a theoretical cinematograph, with which he takes up the theory of inner glow images and symbols of Heinrich Hertz ( Principles of Mechanics, 1894 ); Norbert Wiener developed this model later on in his cybernetics.
Vienna held in 1916 a community college course in physics during the war in his institute from and belonged in 1920 alongside Carl Runge, Wolfgang Gaede, August Schmauss, Johannes Stark, Wilhelm Westphal, Gustav Eberhard and Wilhelm Wien the first technical committee of physics at that awarded research grants.
Under his aegis doctorate August Karolus 1923 and 1926 received a professorship; Karolus developed in Leipzig in cooperation with the Telefunken company a telegraphy method and constructed at the Department of Physics of television a television system with mechanical image decomposition ( mirror wheel ).
Wiener was a Prussian Privy Councillor.
Otto Wiener's successor in Leipzig were Peter Debye, Werner Heisenberg and Friedrich Hund and Gustav Hertz.
Writings
- The extension of our senses. Academic inaugural lecture held on 19 May 1900. Leipzig 1900.
- The relationship between the specifications of the reflection observations on metals and their optical constants. Teubner 1908.
- About color photography and related scientific questions. Paper presented at the 80th meeting of natural scientists at Cologne on the Rhine in the general meeting of the two main groups on September 24, 1908 In: . Ratio of Total Dt. Natural Scientists and Physicians. 80th verse of Cologne. Tl 1 bird, Leipzig 1909.
- Bird flight, aviation and the future, with an appendix on war and peace between nations. Barth, Leipzig, 1911.
- The theory of the mixing body for the stationary flow field. First treatise: The mean value theorems for power, polarization, and energy. ( Proceedings of the mathematical-physical class of the Royal Saxon Society of Sciences. Volume 32, No. 6 ) Leipzig 1912.
- Physics and cultural development through technical and scientific extension of human nature plants. Leipzig, Berlin, 1919.
- Flyer force doctrine. Hirzel, Leipzig 1920 (works on aeronautical problems,. Introduction to the aviation and aerodynamics for aspiring aviator ).
- The fundamental law of nature and the conservation of absolute velocity in the ether. Proceedings of the Saxon Academy of Sciences, Mathematics and Physics class No. IV Teubner, Leipzig, 1921.
- Vibrations of the elastic type in the force-free flow ether. In: Phys. Magazine. Volume 25, 1924, pp. 552-559.
- Distances, times, speeds. A conversation about fundamental scientific questions. Dusseldorf 1925.
- Nature and man. The natural sciences and their applications. 4 volumes. Edited by C. W. Schmidt, Edit. v. HH Kritzinger, CW Schmidt, Otto Wiener, Hugo Kauffmann, K. Keilhack, G. Kraitschek, F. Cappeller, C. Schäffer, inter alia, de Gruyter, Berlin 1926-1931.
- On the theory of the flow ether. In: Phys. Magazine. Volume 26, 1928, pp. 73-78.