Our Home – Russia

Our House Russia ( CLOCK; Наш Дом - Россия, НДР; Nash Dom - Rossiya, NDR ) was between 1995 and 1999, a centrist electoral bloc in the Russian Parliament ( Duma ) and by the Russian government ( Kremlin ) headed " party of power".

Substantive Profile

As a party founded up an important characteristic of Our House Russia was content to function as a government -supporting organization. The key points of the substantive positions here were both liberal ( overcoming communism ) and centralized way (fighting separatist movements in different republics of the Federation).

History of the Party

Prehistory

The President of the Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin wanted to establish a two-party system in 1995 after the American model and advocated the establishment of a center-right and a left- centrist electoral blocs. Yeltsin's aim was on the one hand to clip the extreme parties on the political fringe, even at the head of the Communist Party Gennady Zyuganov KPRF away from the power. On the other hand, Yeltsin wanted to create functional, loyal and non-ideological parties to consolidate its power and stability of the country.

Foundation

Our House Russia was founded on 12 May 1995 to unite supporters of Yeltsin government of, in office since 1992 and since 1991 non-party (former Communist Party ) 57- year-old Russian Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin to the technocratic- reformist ( center-right ). Chernomyrdin's electoral bloc was supported by several major financial institutions ( Association of Russian Banks, ARB; Ассоциация российских банков, АРБ ) as well as large companies such as the natural gas production company Gazprom, whose director he was from 1989 to 1992 before he became Prime Minister. The party won the interest and sympathy of only a few prominent members of the ruling elite in Russia, but won several provincial governors and directors of state enterprises. CLOCK was also known as the party of the oligarchs ( Berezovsky financed the party ), a position with the previously Russia's election party ( Демократический Выбор России, ДВР; Demokratitscheski Wybor Rossii, DWR ) has been identified.

Yeltsin supported standing next to the right of the political center Our House Russia and the establishment of a new party on the left of the political center under the leadership of the President of Parliament Ivan Rybkin.

Party of power

The Russian government supported since the elections to the State Duma in 1995 one new, own power. These administrative, founded from above " parties of power" ( партии власти, ruling party, " presidential election Association" ) are loose ad hoc alliances that rely on bureaucrats who are devoted to the President loyal.

Russian parliamentary elections of 1995

After the founding of the party showed two parties interested in cooperation, Russia's Choice, and the Agrarian Party ( Аграрная партия России, АПР; agricultural Well Partija Rossii, APR). Their joint program should promote " freedom, private property and the rule of " projects and support the role of the state in the economy to shrink to support small operation to privatize agriculture and to reduce the military budget. The party was given by the state officially only 80 million rubles campaign money (then about 25,000 dollars), but organized expensive election campaign parties with musicians such as Glenn Hughes (ex- Deep Purple ) and MC Hammer ( $ 150,000 salary ), the model Claudia Schiffer or the dancer Maja Plisetskaya. Chernomyrdin was the 37 million pensioners 23 days before the election, financed by the government bailout precious metals, pay off the outstanding pensions. The Russian Army's energy debts were canceled as Russian Defense Minister Grachev instructed his troops to vote for CLOCK. In the 1995 election, the Kremlin party reached Our House Russia despite a massive media campaign of state television and the support of regional governments only disappointing 10.1 percent (54 seats: 45 list positions and 9 direct mandates ). The Communist Party was a third of the votes strongest faction.

The Rybkin block broke because of the close proximity Rybkin apart Yeltsin and had no success in the election to the Duma in 1995. Vladimir Putin, who later became president of Russia, organized in 1995, the St. Petersburg branch of the Party Our House Russia and led the campaign issue of the party in the elections to the Duma.

Russian presidential election in 1996

Despite the first Chechen war played Chernomyrdin and Our House Russia a central role in supporting Yeltsin's candidacy for re-election to the Russian President in 1996 Chernomyrdin told the news agency ITAR -TASS 1996. "To sum ​​up why Our Home is Russia is for Yeltsin, I can say. only one thing - because We are for Reforms, for the constitution of Russia, for peace in Chechnya, for a normal life in Russia " ( " to summarize why the NDR is for Yeltsin, I can only say that because we for reforms for the Russian Constitution, for peace in Chechnya and a normal life in Russia. " )

Russian parliamentary elections 1999 - the end

After the surprising dismissal of Chernomyrdin as prime minister in 1998 his renewed candidacy for a second term as Minister-President of the Duma was rejected. Our House Russia refused the offer of the two parties for cooperation from then. After the loss of office Chernomyrdin also disintegrated Our House Russia - his parliamentary power base. In the 1999 elections two pro-government parties competed against each other, Our House Russia ( 1.1%) and unit - Bear ( 23%). The party failed in the 1999 elections with only 1.1 percent of the vote to enter parliament (5 - % hurdle). Our House Russia broke up then. Influential governors switched to parties which later united to form the next government -supporting party nomenklatura United Russia. Deputies from Our House Russia were only represented by direct mandate in parliament.

The popularly christened the party in the 90s Nash Dom Gazprom ( Наш Дом Газпром ) because with the money from Gazprom's natural gas business, the election campaigns financed Yeltsin, Soviet supplied Altkameraden and MPs to vote "persuaded " were. The party was widely regarded as " Nomenklaturapartei " post-communist functionaries.

Swell

• Comeback of the Communists, Der Spiegel, 49, 1995, pp. 152-154
• Our house is Russia ( NDR), Human Interest, Süddeutsche Zeitung, 16 December 1995, No. 289, p 9