Papaver nudicaule
Iceland Poppy
The Iceland poppy ( Papaver nudicaule ), also called Nacktstängeliger poppy, a plant belonging to the family of the Poppy Family 's ( Papaveraceae ). This native to the sub-arctic areas Poppy Art Flowers, depending on the subspecies, in the colors light yellow, white and orange -yellow to red. As a garden plant, there are varieties not only in natural colors and shapes, but as varieties in different variations.
- 4.1 Notes and references
- 4.2 External links
Description
The annual to perennial herbaceous plant reaches depending on the climate stature heights of 10 to 50 centimeters. The undergraduate fiederschnittigen leaves are up to 20 centimeters in length, are hairy and grayish bluish green and have several three-lobed segments.
From the rosette leafless sprout (hence " nacktstängelig " ) flower stalk to which the form as with all poppy species, downward sloping flower buds. The buds are hairy gray or brown and have a diameter of 1-2 centimeters. From the bud, the then sitting upright, radiärsymmetrische, hermaphrodite flower developed with a diameter of 1.5 to 6 cm. The two sepals fall off as the flower opens. To the ovary sit tight the many stamens with yellow anthers. The superior ovaries is provided at the top, usually with eight rays. The flowering period is May to August widths in the moderates April to September. The hermaphrodite flowers are pollinated by insects, or pollinate itself
From the openings under the lid of the elongated, club-shaped pores capsule escape the very small seeds when the plant varies in the wind. The spread of the seeds is done through Anemochorie (wind dispersal).
Occurrence
The Iceland Poppy is located in the Altai Mountains, Eastern Siberia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, northwestern Canada and Alaska. It grows on scree, mountain meadows and moraines of glaciers at altitude 300-2500 meters. This species grows at acidic or neutral to alkaline soils. At moderate temperatures they endure sunny otherwise rather semi - shady, dry to moist places, although not constantly must be wet.
Use
Because the cultivated forms of the Iceland poppy - bloom in different colors, it is often used as a garden ornamental. He likes the sun, as a plant of the North but no big heat. On sunny to semi- shaded areas with permeable sand or clay soils that are not too wet, it can be cultivated.
The milky juice of the capsule contains toxic isoquinoline alkaloids, including the Amuronin and chelidonine. Medically Iceland Poppy is hardly used anymore. In earlier times the tasty leaves were boiled and used as a vitamin C source to prevent scurvy. For the production of drugs and in particular for the production of opium, it has no meaning.
Genetics of Iceland poppy
Forms of the cultured P. nudicaule genetically tested, inter alia, with regard to flower color. It was found that the white flower color is dominant with respect to the yellow flower color. Other colors such as beige and orange, are recessive.
Sources and further information
The article is mainly based on the following documents: