Pergamino
- 33.883333 - 60.566667Koordinaten: 33 ° 53 ' S, 60 ° 34 ' W
Pergamino is a city in the province of Buenos Aires. She has good 85,000 inhabitants ( INDEC, 2001 ). Pergamino is the administrative seat of the homonymous partidos.
History
The fertile and water-rich area of the present-day city was home to the Charrúa and Mapuche, as they struck the Spanish conquistadors around 1620, 1626 on the trade route from Buenos Aires to Cordoba built a Posada there. The current name of the city means in the language of the Mapuche " Red Earth". 1700 and 1749 were the first trading houses opened in Pergamino, repeated attacks of the displaced indigenous people led to the establishment of a fort However, the attacks did not stop and on August 8, 1751 the settlement was destroyed.
However, the settlement was still there in the interest of the government in Buenos Aires and in 1769 ordered the commander Juan González at the rebuilding. 1779 Pergamino became a parish in 1784 and the area was declared a Partido. The fort played an important role in the struggle for independence of Argentina and 1815 was the site of a mutiny against Carlos María de Alvear, led by Ignacio Álvarez Thomas. 1862, the first educational institution was opened for agriculture in Argentina, whereby the economic boom was promoted in and around Pergamino by maize was cultivated intensively there. The town began to grow and in 1873 four schools. The city's growth was again accelerated, as in 1882 the railway line was opened to Rosario. On October 23, 1895 Pergamino received official city rights. At the time, the place had more than 10,000 inhabitants and more than 90 companies.
1912 an agricultural laboratory was opened in order to develop the cultivation of maize on. Between 1895 and 1914, the population, which consisted mainly of European immigrants and their descendants, almost tripled. Were formed immigrant communities among the Basques, the Piedmontese, Provencial and Lebanese. 1913, the Hotel Roma was opened, one of the best known examples of Art Nouveau architecture in the area.
In 1930 the main church and the town hall was completed in 1936 opened the Museum of Fine Arts. 1947, the population had grown to almost 50,000, and the first factories offered the citizens work simultaneously decreased agricultural activity, which began to flourish again with the opening of the Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria until 1956. Between the late 1940s and 1970, several textile factories settled, mainly for denim production. In 1980, Pergamino 70,000 inhabitants, opened in 1985, the first Argentine cable television station there.
Several major floods (1975, 1984 and 1995) forced major investments in infrastructure. In 1993, the University Pergamino was opened, now a branch of the Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires.
The economic crisis around the turn of the millennium in Argentina also went to Pergamino not unscathed and numerous industrial companies and retail companies had to close.
The city today
The local economy began to recover from 2003 and the number of jobs in industry increased by 2,500. The cultivation of maize is still important for the region, next to soy, poultry and dairy products are made. Another important industry is the production of seed.
Sons and daughters of the town
- Jesús Ricardo Iglesias, race car driver
- Arturo Illia, former Argentine president
- Florencia Labat, tennis player
- Lorenzo Raimundo Parodi, agricultural engineer and botanist
- Héctor Rial, football player
- Paola Suárez, tennis player
- Atahualpa Yupanqui, singer