Peters's climbing rat
The naked-tailed climbing rat ( Tylomys nudicaudus ) is an entity belonging to the climbing nature of the New world rats. It inhabits the tropical forests from southern Mexico to Nicaragua and is not endangered.
Physique
The naked-tailed rat - climbing is a very large Neuweltmaus with long, naked tail, short, wide paws and big ears. Your head-body length is 188-266 mm, tail length 195-262 mm, the Hinterfußlänge 39 to 45 millimeters and the ear length 24 to 29 mm. The body weight is given as 326 grams or 280 grams on average. The tail keeps them often rolled up loosely.
The fur of the naked-tailed rat - climbing is long, dense and woolly. Upper hand, it is gray, gray-brown or reddish- brown and faded towards the sides of the body. The underside is pale reddish- yellow or creamy white with the white hair up to the base. The legs and feet are brown to reddish brown, and some specimens have white toes. The inguinal and axillary region are also white. The naked tail is shiny and his large scales form broad rings. From the root to about the middle, it is quite dark and behind it to the top all white. The ear cups are blackish and hairless, and the whiskers are thick and long. The eyes are rather small and their tapetum lucidum is bright and reddish.
From Tylomys tumbalensis and Tylomys bullaris the naked-tailed rat - climbing can only be distinguished by skull characteristics. Unlike Tylomys tumbalensis the upper molar series measures less than 9.1 millimeters. The bullae are in contrast to those of Tylomys bullaris not noticeably bloated and have a noticeable bulge on front. The spine has 13 to 15 thoracic vertebrae, six to seven lumbar vertebrae and 32 to 36 caudal vertebrae.
Habitat and behavior
The habitat of the naked-tailed rat - climbing are old evergreen and semi - deciduous forests and dense secondary growth of climbing plants, usually near rocks, caves or rock walls.
The naked-tailed climbing rat is nocturnal and semi- arboreal, usually moves slowly and deliberately, but it may achieve on branches and vines a great speed and skill. Little is known of their diet. The stomach of a specimen from Veracruz contained parts of plants that resembled lichen or bark. Usually she is lured with bananas or other fruits in traps.
In captivity, the gestation period of naked-tailed rat climbing 36 to 51 days and an average of 40 days. The litter will be born an average of 2.33 pups. Sexual maturity is reached at 10 to 20 weeks. A specimen of this species lived for five years and five months. At the ejected sounds include a feline growl and a porcine squeals.
Distribution and population
The range of the naked-tailed climbing rat extends from southern Mexico through Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras to the south of Nicaragua, where it is absent in the north of Yucatan. It comes from the lowlands to heights of 2300 meters above, but is rare.
The World Conservation Union IUCN classified the naked-tailed rat climbing in 2008 as not at risk. This was justified by the ubiquity, the presumably large stocks, the occurrence in several protected areas, the lack of known threats and the unlikelihood of a rapid stock decline. 1996, the species was also classified as not at risk.
Systematics and Nomenclature
Hall ( 1981) distinguishes four subtypes of naked-tailed rat - climbing:
- Tylomys nudicaudus villai scarf roof, 1966 in Guerrero and Oaxaca,
- Tylomys nudicaudus microdon Goodwin, 1955 in Oaxaca,
- Tylomys nudicaudus gymnurus Villa, 1941 in Puebla, Veracruz and Oaxaca, as well as
- Tylomys nudicaudus nudicaudus (Peters, 1866) of Chiapas and Belize to Nicaragua.
Tylomys bullaris and Tylomys tumbalensis could also be classified as subspecies of naked-tailed rat - climbing.
Tylomys nudicaudus villai
The distribution area of Tylomys nudicaudus villai is limited by findings in Pedrera de Cajeles, 30 kilometers south of Chilpancingo, Guerrero; Cueva del Cañón del zopilotes, 13 kilometers south of Puente Río Mezcala in Guerrero; eleven kilometers south of Chicahuaxtla in Oaxaca; 36.5 km north of San Gabriel Mixtepec in Oaxaca; and eight kilometers east of Río Grande in Oaxaca. The type specimen is from the locality at San Gabriel Mixtepec from a height of 1600 meters and 1966 by William J. Schaldach junior as Tylomys nudicaudus villai described.
Tylomys nudicaudus microdon
The distribution area of Tylomys nudicaudus microdon is limited by finds 6.5 km south of Valle Nacional, Oaxaca and in La Gloria, ten kilometers south east of Santa María Chimalapa in Oaxaca. The type specimen is from a rain forest at La Gloria from a height of 760 meters and was described in 1955 by George Gilbert Goodwin Tylomys nudicaudus microdon.
Tylomys nudicaudus gymnurus
The distribution area of Tylomys nudicaudus gymnurus is limited by finds ten kilometers west of Hueytamalco in Puebla; three kilometers north of Presidio in Veracruz; eight kilometers north-west of Potrero, Veracruz; three kilometers east of San Andrés Tuxtla, Veracruz; 25 km southeast of Jesus Carranza, Veracruz; in Santiago Ixcuintepec in Oaxaca; as well as in Santiago Lachivía in Oaxaca. The type specimen is from Presidio, 1941 gymnurus described by Bernardo Villa - Ramírez as an independent species Tylomis and 1969 assigned by Goodwin as a subspecies of the naked-tailed rat - climbing.
Tylomys nudicaudus nudicaudus
The distribution area of Tylomys nudicaudus nudicaudus is limited by finds eight kilometers north of Berriozábal in Chiapas; in Tuxtla Gutierrez in Chiapas; in Palenque in Chiapas; La Primavera, about 16 kilometers southwest of Coban in Guatemala; in Silkgrass in Belize; in Chilata in El Salvador; as well as on the Rio Coco, Nicaragua. The type specimen is from Guatemala, was described in 1897 led by Édouard Louis Trouessart first time in the genus Tylomys 1866 by Wilhelm Peters Hesperomys ( Tylomys ) nudicaudus. According to Goodwin the type locality is probably in La Primavera at an altitude of 975 meters.