Philip, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg
Philip Augustus Frederick ( born March 11, 1779 Homburg, † December 15, 1846 ibid ) was Landgrave of Hesse -Homburg and the Imperial Austrian Field Marshal.
He was the third son of Landgrave Frederick V and his wife Caroline of Hesse -Darmstadt, daughter of Landgrave Ludwig IX. of Hesse-Darmstadt and Henriette Karoline von Pfalz- Zweibrücken, the great Countess.
In 1794 he appeared as Captain in the - stationed in the Netherlands - Brigade " Hesse -Darmstadt " and was captured by the French. After ten months of captivity, he was ransomed.
In 1796 he joined the Austrian army and took part in the campaigns of 1798, 1799, 1800. After the Peace of Luneville, he was stationed in Lemberg. In 1805 he was appointed lieutenant-colonel, then colonel and commander of Infantry Regiment Archduke Ferdinand No. 2 under Archduke Charles, he participated in the Battle of Caldiero part and in 1809 in the battles of Landshut and Eckmühl. Because of his excellent performance at the Battle of Aspern he was still promoted on the battlefield to major general. In the battle of Wagram he was injured and subsequently awarded the Maria Theresa Order. Transferred to Vienna, he stood with his brigade in 1812 when Corps of Prince Schwarzenberg. In 1813 he was Lieutenant-General, as which he distinguished himself at Dresden, Kulm and Lindenau. After a short time as governor of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt and the Rhine Confederation after the founding of the country all isenburgische comprehensive Principality of Isenburg he took over in February 1814 command of the German 6th Army Corps, with which he began in Lyon on March 22.
1818 and 1820 was in diplomatic missions in Russia and England, in 1821 he went during the Risorgimento as the leader of an Austrian division to Naples, where he was also appointed governor. 1825 appointment as Commanding General to Graz in 1827 Philip was assigned to Lviv and transported back to 1829 to Graz. In 1832 he was promoted to field -marshal, and shortly before his death reached him on 28 November 1846, the appointment to the Imperial Austrian Field Marshal, the highest military rank, the one member of the Landgraf house won.
In 1829, Prince Philip was treated as a candidate for the Greek throne. The British proposal was endorsed by Russia, but rejected by France. The signature powers of the London Protocol of February 3, 1830 finally agreed on Prince Otto of Bavaria, who was Otto I. in 1832 Greece's first ( latter-day ) king.
On June 26, 1838 Philip joined in Graz a morganatic marriage with Rosalie Antonie, dame Schimmelpfennig from Oye ( born Pototschnig - according to other sources Pototschnigg ) ( 1806-1845 ). She was a daughter of Anthony Potoschnigg, a businessman in Fürstenfeld and Josepha Schoeller and been married in first marriage to Joseph Freiherr von Schimmelpfennig of the Oye, KK Gubernialsekretär. The Hessian Elector Wilhelm II they rose before their marriage on May 31, 1838 to the Countess of Naumburg ( after the castle Naumburg in the present-day city Nidderau ); of Philip's siblings (the House of Hesse -Homburg belonged to the European high nobility ), it was not accepted. The marriage remained childless.
After the death of his brother Louis Philippe came in 1839 in Homburg the succession to. He became in 1840 governor of the federal fortress of Mainz. His predecessor as governor was his brother Prince Wilhelm of Prussia (1783-1851), then again from 1834-1839 in Mainz was governor from 1824 to 1829 and and an uncle of the later emperor Wilhelm I. was. His brother Gustav represented him in the official shops in Homburg. In the reign of Philip fall two events of importance: Once the lease with the brothers François (1806-1877) and Louis Blanc (1806-1852) on the operation of a casino. Second, the citizens' demand for a landständischen Constitution, in December 1844 - a harbinger of the revolution of 1848 - which was " sympathetic consideration " Philip, but turned down summoned.
On February 21, 1845 Philip's wife died, he survived her by nearly one and a half years. Both are buried in the crypt of the Bad Homburg castle.