Philodendron

Tree Philodendron ( Philodendron bipinnatifidum )

The philodendron ( Philodendron, also called tree friend ), a plant genus of the subfamily Aroideae in the family of Araceae are ( Araceae ). These are evergreen herbaceous plants, root climbers that can also grow as epiphytes, or bushy growing plant. They can be up to 6 m high and usually come from rain forests in the U.S. ( Florida), Mexico, the West Indies, Central America and tropical South America.

Description

The leathery, glossy leaves can be simple, pinnately lobed or pinnatifid; they are ovate, oblong, heart -, arrow - or spear- shaped wide, entire or cut and are alternate, on long stem axis or in rosettes. The inflorescences consist of the typical Arum husk ( spathe ) and a piston ( spadix ).

Ecology

Philodendron can produce a very high temperature. At 4 ° C, the temperature in the closed flowers of Philodendron selloum up to 38 ° C. is Due to the higher temperature, the fragrances of the flowers flow better, like a fragrance lamp with evaporating fragrance oil. The flowers of Philodendron aasartig smell and attract insects for pollination. The fruits are green and cucumber- like elongated. The ripe fruit inside of some cultivated species banana-like taste and is layered around a soft core. All plant parts call for eating out strong discomfort, contact with the sap may cause skin irritation.

Impact on the indoor climate

Philodendron can - similar to the Green Lily - include some housing poisons from the air well. This particularly applies to the toxins formaldehyde, carbon monoxide and benzene.

Species

Altogether there are about 500 Philodendron species. Some are quite often cultivated as a houseplant, such as:

• Kletterphilodendron ( Philodendron hederaceum ( Jacq. ) Schott, sold under the synonym Philodendron scandens K.Koch & Sello out ), Origin: Mexico and tropical America
• Red-leaved philodendron ( Philodendron erubescens K.Koch & Augustin), Origin: Colombia, with many varieties, such as 'Red Emerald '.
• Tree Philodendron or Doppeltspaltfiederblättriger tree friend ( Philodendron Schott ex Endl bipinnatifidum. ); Home: Southeast Brazil; to this type also includes the " philodendron Shaggy ", which is also traded as a separate species " Philodendron selloum K.Koch "
• Herzblättriger Philodendron ( Philodendron cordatum Kunth ), Origin: South East Brazil
• Small-leaf Philodendron ( Philodendron grazielae GS Bunting ), Origin: Peru, Brazil
• Frayed tree friend ( Philodendron laciniatum Engl ), Origin: South America

There are also different varieties are grown. Philodendron are generally popular, because it is easy to cultivate, schattenveträgliche and rapidly growing houseplants. They are also very good for hydroponics.

Also, window sheets ( Monstera ) are often traded as " Philodendron ", as they were introduced at a time when, for example, for Monstera adansonii still the botanical name Philodendron pertusum was. Today, the two genera to different subfamilies of aroids are counted.

Other species of the genus Philodendron are (selection):

• Philodendron adamantinum Mart. ex Schott, Origin: Paraguay
• Philodendron angustisectum Engl, Origin: West Columbia
• Fiddle Leaf Philodendron ( Philodendron Schott bipennifolium ), Origin: Southern Brazil
• Philodendron crassinervium Lindl, home. Guiana
• Philodendron devansayeanum L. Linden, Origin: Ecuador, Peru, Andes
• Spade Leaf Philodendron ( Philodendron domesticum GS Bunting ), Origin: Brazil?
• Philodendron elegans K. Krause, Origin: South America
• Philodendron Schott eximium, Origin: Brazil
• Philodendron fendleri K. Krause, Origin: Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad
• Philodendron giganteum Schott, Origin: West Indies
• Philodendron glaziovii Hoohk. f, Origin: Brazil
• Philodendron gloriosum André, Origin: Colombia
• Philodendron grandifolium ( Jacq. ) Schott, Origin: Guyana
• Philodendron hastatum K. Koch & Sello, Origin: Brazil
• Philodendron houlletianum Engl, Origin: Guyana
• Philodendron Schott ex Endl imbe, home. Southern Brazil
• Philodendron lacerum ( Jacq. ) Schott, Origin: Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica
• Philodendron latifolium K. Koch, Origin: Venezuela
• Philodendron Schott longilaminatum, Origin: Southern Brazil
• Philodendron martianum Engl, Origin: Southeastern Brazil
• Philodendron melanochrysum Linden & André, Origin: Colombia
• Philodendron melinonii Brongn. ex rule, Origin: tropical South America
• Philodendron Schott ornatum, Origin: tropical South America
• Philodendron panduriforme ( Kunth ) Kunth, Origin: Peru
• Philodendron pedatum ( Hook. ) Kunth, Origin: Venezuela, Guyana, northern Brazil
• Philodendron pinnatifidum ( Jacq. ) Schott, Origin: Venezuela
• Philodendron radiatum Schott, Origin: Southeastern Mexico, Guatemala
• Philodendron rugosum Bogner & G. S. Bunting, Origin: Ecuador
• Philodendron sagittifolium Liebm, home. Southern Mexico
• Philodendron simsii ( Hook. ) Sweet ex Kunth, Origin: Venezuela
• Philodendron squamiferum Poepp, home. Guiana, Brazil
• Philodendron Tripartitum ( Jacq. ) Schott, Origin: Central and South America
• Philodendron undulatum Engl, Origin: Brazil
• Philodendron verrucosum L. Mathieu & Schott, Origin: Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador
• Philodendron Schott wendlandii, Origin: Central America