Plasmaron

The Plasmaron is a quasi-particle, which is formed by coupling of electrons or holes with plasmons. Plasma Ronen play a special role in the electronic structure of graphene.

The Plasmaron was theoretically predicted as early as the 1960s, the first evidence found in 2007 in elemental bismuth. Proved it was 2010 in the graph at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ( Advanced Light Source ) through their influence on the band structure. Valence and conduction bands of graphene have the shape of a double cone whose peaks are each other so that there is no band gap. Electrons and holes near the peaks ( Dirac crossing ) have a low effective mass and pair slightly plasmons. The more detailed analysis of the band structure revealed a " fuzzier " structure similar to the superposition of two double cones, which are slightly shifted against each other. In the experiments to determine the band structure of graphene layers as planar as possible have been prepared by heating silicon carbide and irradiated with X-rays of the Advanced Light Source. The spectrum of the released electrons was with ARPES (English angle -resolved photoemission spectroscopy ) were investigated.