Polish presidential election, 1990
The presidential election in Poland in 1990 was held on 25 November and 9 December 1990 and was the first popular election of the Polish head of state. In the second ballot of the union leaders and Nobel Peace Prize Lech Wałęsa was elected for a five year term as President of the Republic of Poland.
Background
Introducing people's choice for the office of the President and at the same time shortening the term of office of the incumbent President Wojciech Jaruzelski was decided by a constitutional amendment of 27 September 1990. With the right to vote all voting in the parliamentary elections and citizens were equipped with the passive right to vote those who have also completed 35 years of life until the day of the election. The nominations had to present a written support of at least one hundred thousand electorate. If, at the first election no candidate have the necessary majority of more than 50 % of the votes, a second round is called, which takes place two weeks after the first election day. At that the two candidates are admitted who have received in the first round of voting on most votes ( ballot ). The determination of the validity of the election and the swearing in of the President was responsible for the National Assembly.
The choice
Candidates
Włodzimierz Cimoszevicz
Leszek Moczulski
Stan Tymiński
Lech Wałęsa
The following candidates were in the scheduled deadline 100,000 signatures of registered voters show and were allowed after verification of these participate by the electoral committee at the first round of voting:
- Roman Bartoszcze (* 1946) - Farmer, Member of the Sejm (since 1989 ), Chairman of the Polish Peasant Party, former activist of the "Solidarity of farmers " and opposition
- Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz (* 1950) - doctor of law, professor, independent delegate to the Sejm (since 1989), former member of the Polish United Workers Party, supported by the Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland
- Tadeusz Mazowiecki (1927-2013) - Journalist and publisher, incumbent Prime Minister, Member of the Sejm (since 1989 and already 1961 to 1972 ), an activist in the trade union "Solidarity" and former dissidents, former member of Catholic Block Party " Znak "
- Robert Leszek Moczulski (* 1930) - lawyer, historian and journalist, former nationalist opposition ( Confederation of Independent Poland ), 1949-1950 member of the PZPR
- Stanisław "Stan" Tymiński ( b. 1948 ) - a certified electrical engineer, businessman
- Lech Wałęsa (* 1943) - electrician, chairman of the trade union "Solidarity" and opposition, Nobel Peace Prize (1983 ), supported by the Central Alliance
Another candidate filed the signatures by the deadline, but was ruled out after testing of the election, as the documents had formal defects:
- Kornel Morawiecki (* 1941) - Ph.D. in physics, high school teacher, former leader of the conspiracy " combatants solidarity " (1982-1985)
The vote
After the election
On 22 December 1990, the National Assembly noted the validity of the election. Walesa took off his oath of office and supplemented him with a religious affirmation that was not actually provided in the oath.
Footnotes
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- Presidential election in Poland
- 1990 Presidential election