Porzana

Spotted Crake ( Porzana porzana )

The moorhens ( Porzana ) are a genus of the family of Rails. They are found on all continents and in Oceania.

Features

The body size varies 13 to 25 centimeters. Depending on the nature of the sub-pages ashen ( Wiesel Crake ), slate gray ( spot Crake ), dark reddish brown ( Zimtsumpfhuhn ) or black ( Tuamotusumpfhuhn ), the under tail-coverts reddish (Hawaii Rail ), solid black ( Tuamotusumpfhuhn ) or with white spots covered ( Kosrae Crake ), the tops black ( Kosrae Crake ) or brown ( Pacific Crake ), the plumage total solid black ( Kosrae Crake, Tuamotusumpfhuhn ) or different color ( yellow-breasted Crake, Mandarin Crake ), the axillary feathers banded ( Spotted Crake ) or plain (yellow breast Crake ), the chest white mottled ( spotted crake ) or without spots ( Carolina Crake ). When Yellow-breasted Crake white stripes above the reins can be seen.

Habitat

Moorhens live in marshes, swamps and marsh edges, in ponds and lakes, flooded fields, rice fields and other wetlands.

Food

The diet consists of snails, insects, annelids, frog spawn, small fish, seeds and marsh herbs.

System

The following 13 extant species are recognized:

  • Porzana parva Scopoli, 1769 - Little Crake ( breeds in Eurasia, winters in Africa)
  • Porzana pusilla Pallas, 1776 - Baillon's Crake ( breeds in Eurasia, winters in East Africa and South Asia )
  • Porzana porzana Linnaeus, 1766 - Spotted Crake ( breeds in Eurasia, winters in Africa and India)
  • Porzana carolina Linnaeus, 1758 - Carolina Crake ( North America, Central America, Caribbean, Peru, French Guiana, Guyana )
  • Porzana spiloptera Durnford, 1877 - spot Crake (Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay)
  • Porzana albicollis Vieillot, 1819 - Wiesel Crake (South America)
  • Porzana fusca Linnaeus, 1766 - Zimtsumpfhuhn (Asia)
  • Porzana paykullii Ljungh, 1813 - Mandarin Crake ( East Asia )
  • Porzana tabuensis Gmelin, 1789 - South Seas Crake ( Oceania )
  • Porzana atra North, 1980 - Tuamotusumpfhuhn (Henderson Island )
  • Porzana flaviventer Boddaert, 1783 - Yellow-breasted Crake ( Central America, South America, Caribbean)
  • Porzana cinerea Vieillot, 1819 - White -browed Crake, White browed Jacana Rail ( East Asia, Oceania )

Extinct, however, are:

  • Porzana palmeri Frohawk, 1892 - Laysan Rail, † 1944
  • Porzana sandwichensis Gmelin, 1789 - Hawaii Rail, † ca 1890
  • Porzana Monasa Kittlitz, 1858 - Kosrae Crake, † ca mid-19th century
  • Porzana nigra JF Miller, 1784 - Miller 's Crake, † 18th century ( known only by two drawings)
  • Porzana astrictocarpus Olson, 1973 - St. Helena Crake, † early 16th century
  • Porzana ralphorum Olson & James, 1991 - (Oahu, Hawaiian Islands ), about 450 AD
  • Porzana severnsi Olson & James, 1991 - (Maui, Hawaiian Islands ), Holocene
  • Porzana rua Steadman, 1987 - ( Mangaia, Cook Islands ), † 14th or 15th century
  • Porzana menehune Olson & James, 1991 - ( Molokai, Hawaii Islands ), Holocene
  • Porzana ziegleri Olson & James, 1982 - (Oahu, Hawaiian Islands ), about 650-870 AD
  • Porzana keplerorum Olson & James, 1984 - (Maui, Hawaiian Islands ), Holocene
  • Porzana piercei Olson & Wingate, 2000 - (Bermuda, West Atlantic), Middle Pleistocene
  • Porzana sp. Steadman, 1994 - Easter Island Rail, about 1000 to 1430 AD
  • Porzana sp. A Olson & James, 1982 - (Hawaii, Hawaiian Islands, large type ), Holocene
  • Porzana sp. B Olson & James, 1991 - (Hawaii, Hawaiian Islands, small type ), about 860-980 AD
  • Porzana sp. A Olson & James, 1982 - ( Kauai, Hawaii Islands, large type ), Holocene
  • Porzana sp. B Olson & James, 1981 - ( Kauai, Hawaii Islands, medium -sized species ), about 4050 BC
  • Porzana sp. Olson & James, 1982 - (Maui, Hawaiian Islands ), Holocene
  • Porzana sp. Steadman, 2006 - ( Malakula, Vanuatu ), about 950 BC
  • Porzana sp. Steadman, 2006 - ( Aiwa Levu, Lau Islands), about 450 BC
  • Porzana sp. Steadman & Kirch, 1990 - ( Mangaia, Cook Islands ), † 14th or 15th century, less than Porzana rua.
  • Porzana sp. Steadman, 2006 - ( Nuku Hiva, Marquesas ), Holocene
  • Porzana sp. A Steadman, 2006 - ( Uahuka, Marquasas ), about 300 to 1300 AD
  • Porzana sp. B Steadman, 2006 - ( Uahuka, Marquasas ), about 300 to 1300 AD
  • Porzana sp. Olson & Ziegler, 1995 - ( Lisianski Atoll, Hawaiian Islands ), about 1828 ( known only from a travel report of Russian sailors from 1828 )
  • Porzana sp. Steadman, 1999 - ( Tinian, Mariana Islands ), about 2500 BC
  • Porzana sp. Steadman, 1999 - ( Aguiguan, Mariana Islands ), approximately 1290 to 1450 AD
  • Porzana sp. Steadman, 1999 - (Rota, Mariana Islands ), Holocene

Unsecured assignment

  • Porzana aff. estramosi Jánossy, 1979 - (only from the distal end of a tarsometatarsus from the Zancleum in Hungary known provisionally placed in the genus Porzana )
Hawaiian Rail Sora (bird) Giovanni Antonio Scopoli John Gould Johann Friedrich Gmelin Henderson Island (Pitcairn Islands) Middle America (region) Tahiti Crake Storrs L. Olson
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